Topic 3 Bonding

Question 1

Molecular ion

Answer 1

Charged particle containing more than one atom

Question 2

Ion

Answer 2

Charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons

Question 3

Cation

Answer 3

Positively charged ion

Question 4

Anion

Answer 4

Negatively charged ion

Question 5

If an ion loses an electron what charge does it have?

Answer 5

Positive +

Question 6

If an ion gains an electron what charge does it have?

Answer 6

Negative -

Question 7

Where does ionic bonding take place?

Answer 7

In metals and non metals in groups 1, 2, 6, 7

Question 8

Are ionic bonds strong?

Answer 8

Yes, substantial energy is needed to break ionic bonds

Question 9

What do ions involve attraction between?

Answer 9

Oppositely charged ions

Question 10

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 10

A shared pair of electrons between two non metals

Question 11

Are covalent bonds strong?

Answer 11

Yes, they require substantial energy to break

Question 12

Molecule

Answer 12

Contains 2 or more atoms covalently bonded

Question 13

Diatomic

Answer 13

Means there are 2 atoms covalently bonded in the molecule

Question 14

How can a covalent bond be represented?

Answer 14

Dot and cross diagram, or in the structural format with lines between elements eg Cl-Cl

Question 15

What are the lone pairs in covalent bond diagrams?

Answer 15

The electrons that stay the same and aren’t shared

Question 16

What are the bonding pairs in covalent bond diagrams?

Answer 16

The electrons in the middle which share with other elements

Question 17

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 17

The attraction between delocalised electrons and the positive ions in a regular lattice that happen in metals

Question 18

What does a diagram of metallic bonding look like?

Answer 18

9 ions of the element with delocalised electrons around it

Question 19

How do you frigate out how many delocalised electrons to draw in a metallic bonding diagram?

Answer 19

Number of ion ‘circles’ x number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 20

What does an ionic bonding diagram look like?

Answer 20

Draw all the shells of the atom containing all the electrons, then move accordingly with square brackets and a charge