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Cold War > Topic 3 > Flashcards

Topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

South Korea got aid from?

A

USA

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2
Q

North Korea got aid from?

A

USSR

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3
Q

What would happen if South Korea became communist

A

Other countries would follow

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4
Q

June 25th 1950

A

North Korean forces invade South Korean forces

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5
Q

Describe the Korean War

A

Most SK troops were American

Commander was General Douglas MacArthur - He pushed the NK back and allowed the border to advance

However communist China entered the war and pushed the UN forces out of NK

However it was successful among the UN that they stopped a complete takeover SK by NK

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6
Q

Impact of the Korean War

A

USA now committed to stopping spread of communism

Encouraged Greece and Turkey to join NATO

Creation of SEATO in September 1954 to stop the spread of communism in Southeast Asia

USSR increased forces. 1950 there was 2.2 million soldiers. 1955 there was 5.6 million soldiers

When West Germany joined NATO, USSR formed the Warsaw Pact with 8 other countries

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7
Q

Countries of SEATO (South East Asia Treaty Organisation)

A

USA, Britain, France, New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Thailand and Pakistan

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8
Q

Atomic Bomb creation

A

USA develops in 1945
USSR develops in 1949

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9
Q

Hydrogen Bomb Testing

A

USA tests in 1952
USSR tests in 1953

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10
Q

ICBM Launching

A

USA tests in 1957
USSR launches in 1957

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11
Q

Nuclear Deterrent

A

A force that prevents something from happening. Since both sides understood the risks involved in using nuclear weapons, they acted as a deterrent

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12
Q

New Leaders

A

USA: Dwight Eisenhower 1953
USSR: Nikita Khrushchev 1956

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13
Q

Peaceful Co-Existence

A

Belief that communism was so much better than capitalism that capitalism would soon collapse in the west

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14
Q

Positive approaches between Khrushchev and Eisenhower

A

The insecurity and fears from WWII between both countries was now replaced with an acceptance of the new map of Europe

In July 1953, the Korean War ended, reduces tensions

USSR and USA also started spending less money on weapons because it would be better for their economies

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15
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

After West Germany joined NATO, positive relations between USSR and USA were broken. USSR replied by making the Warsaw pact

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16
Q

Eastern Bloc

A

Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, and of course, East Germany

17
Q

Problem of the Warsaw Pact

A

Europe was now officially in two different sections. One getting aid from USA and the other led by the Soviet Union and seeking to extend communist control.

18
Q

Soviet Rule on Hungary during Stalin’s time

A

Hungary had been over strict communist control after WWII

Non-Communist party were banned and officials were chosen by Stalin

Matyas Rakosi, the leader of Hungary, sent more than 300,000 Hungarians to prison and more than 2,000 were executed in 1949-1956

19
Q

De-Stalinisation

A

Khruschev criticised Stalin’s methods in 1956

Because Poland was making reforms in the country, Hungarians were encouraged to as well

20
Q

Hungarian Retaliation

A

In 1956, people of Hungary protests about lack of political freedom and other problems

Khrushchev was worried about the protests so he sent Imre Nagy into office

Nagy was a communist but advocated for other reforms

21
Q

What were Nagy’s reforms

A

He proposed that:
Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact
Become a neutral country
Have a degree of power-sharing with non-communist countries

22
Q

Soviet Invasion after Nagy’s reforms

A

Khrushchev was very worried after what Nagy said

Soviets Invade

They send tanks to Budapest

20,000 Hungarians killed - People begged for support from the west but none came

Imre Nagy replaced with Janos Kadar

23
Q

International reaction to the Soviet

A

Radio Free Europe encouraged anti-communist messages across Eastern Europe

Only some refugees were taken in, but there was no military support from NATO

A military attack on the Soviet Satellite state could start a nuclear war - resulting in the destruction of both sides

24
Q

Impact of Hungarian uprising on international relations

A

Khrushchev became much stronger in the Warsaw Pact

No military support from USA

USA and allies encouraged Eastern Europeans to rebel, but were not prepared to back up their words with military support

Friendly relations at the Geneva Summit (when Khrushchev first joined office) looked like a thaw in the cold war but it was the complete opposite.

Cold war got even colder.

Cold War (7 decks)

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