Topic 2.1 Ventilatory system

Question 1

ventilatory system (8)

Answer 1

1. nose
2. mouth
3. pharynx
4. larynx
5. bronchi
6. bronchioles
7. lungs
8. alveoli

Question 2

functions of the conducting airway (3)

Answer 2

1. low resistance pathway for airflow
2. defence against chemicals
3. warming and moistening the air

Question 3

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 3

inflow and outflow (atmosphere to lungs)

Question 4

total lung capacity

Answer 4

volume of air left in lungs after max inhalation

Question 5

vital capacity

Answer 5

max volume of air that can be exhaled after a max inhalation

Question 6

tidal volume

Answer 6

the volume of air breathed in and out in any one breath

Question 7

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 7

volume of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled

Question 8

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 8

additional inspired air over and above tidal volume

Question 9

residual volume

Answer 9

volume of air still contained in the lungs after max exhalation

Question 10

mechanics of the ventilation system

Answer 10

1. diaphragm
2. intercostal muscles

Question 11

chemical control of ventilation during exercise

Answer 11

1. ventilation increases due to an increase in blood acidity levels
2. increase in carbon dioxide
3. increase in rate and depth of ventilation

Question 12

neural control of the ventilation

Answer 12

stretch receptors
muscle propriorecpectors
chemoreceptors

Question 13

stretch receptors

Answer 13

respond to stretching of the lungs during large inspirations

Question 14

muscle propriorecpectors

Answer 14

give information to the working muscles

Question 15

chemoreceptors

Answer 15

located in sensory organs

Question 16

role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport

Answer 16

98.5% of oxygen is transported to make red blood cells