Topic 2 The circulatory system Flashcards
Parts of the circulatory system
Heart, Blood vessels, blood
Function of Circulatory system
To transport materials around the body to and from cells e.g. oxygen, nutrients, waste, carbon dioxide
Why Double circulatory system
Blood has to travel through the heart twice for one complete circuit of the body - Right side sending to the lungs to collect oxygen, left side sending blood out to the body to deliver food and oxygen and collect waste
Function of heart
To pump blood round the body
How many chambers in the heart
4
Which side of the heart sends blood to the lungs
Right
Which side of the heart sends blood to the body
Left
What is oxygenated blood
Blood rich in oxygen
WHat is deoxygenated blood
Blood low in oxygen (rich in Carbon dioxide)
WHich side the heart receives oxygenated blood
LEFT
Which side of the heart has thicker walls and why
Left - has to pump blood around the body
What are the valves needed for in heart and veins
To stop blackflow of blood - ensure it flows in one direction
What are the 3 main types of blood vessels
Arteries, Veins, Capillaries
What are the main features of arteries
Thick elastic and muscle walls
small lumen
carry blood away from heart
blood is at high pressure
What are the main features of veins
Thinner elastic and muscle walls
Carry blood back to heart
Carry blood at low pressure
have valves to prevent backflow of blood
Have a large lumen
What are the main features of capillaries
Have walls only 1 cell thick
Allow materials to enter and leave the blood eg oxygen, food, waste
Carry blood at low speed and pressure
What are the main parts of the blood
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
What is the function of red blood cells
To carry oxygen
What is the pigment found in red blood cells and what does it do
Pigment - Haemoglobin
Job - to join with oxygen and form oxyhaemoglobin in the lungs and release the oxygen at the cells
What is the function of white blood cells
To fight infection
What is the function of plasma
To carry food, waste, hormones (as well as blood cells)
What colour is plasma
yellow
How are white blood cells and red blood cells different
White blood cells are larger and have a nucleus - there are less of them than RBC
Red blood cells have no nucleus, have a biconcave shape to allow them to carry more oxygen and there are many of them
What is the job of platelets
They help clot blood - help form a scab
Why does your heartrate increase when you exercise
To deliver more oxygen and nutrients to the cells so more energy can be released
