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CS > Topic 2 test > Flashcards

Topic 2 test Flashcards

1
Q

Data sent over long distances is usually broken up into what?

A

data packets (sometimes called datagrams)

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2
Q

How large are the packets of data (typically)?

A

64 KiB

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3
Q

Why are packets of data usually quite small?

A

Because they are easier to control than a kong continuous stream of data

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4
Q

What does this idea of splitting up data mean?

A

That each packet can be sent along a different route to its destination (very useful when some rout is out of action or busy)

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5
Q

A drawback of splitting data into packets is?

A

The need to reassemble the data when it reaches its destination.

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6
Q

What is a typical packet split up into?

A

A packet header, the payload, a trailer

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7
Q

What does the packet header consist of?

A
  • IP address of the sending device
  • IP of the receiving device
  • sequence number of the packet (to make sure packets can be reassembled correctly)
  • packet size
    NOTE: another value indicating how many there are total in the transmission
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8
Q

What does the payload consist of?

A

The actual data being sent in the packets (around 64 KiB of data)

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9
Q

What does the trailer consist of?

A
  • some way of identifying the end of the packet
  • error checking method called CRC (cyclic redundancy checks)
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10
Q

What is packet switching?

A

a method of data transmission where a message is broken up into a number of packets

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11
Q

benefits of packet switching?

A
  • no need to tie up a single communication line
  • possible to overcome failed for faulty lines by re-routing packets
  • easy to expand package usage
  • high data transmission rate is possible
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12
Q

Drawbacks of packet switching?

A
  • packets can be lost and need to be resent
  • prone to errors with real time streaming
  • delay at the destination while packets are being re-ordered
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13
Q

What can data transmission cover?

A

Short distance (computer to printer)
Long distance (0ver the internet)

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14
Q

What are the factors that need to be considered when transmitting data?

A
  • direction of data transmission
  • method of transmission
    method of synchronization between the two devices
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15
Q

What is simplex?

A

data transmission going in one direction only (computer to printer)

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16
Q

What is half-duplex?

A

Data transmission in both directions but not at the same time (walkie talkie)

17
Q

What is full-duplex?

A

Data transmission is in both directions art the same time (simultaneously) - telephone conversation

18
Q

What is serial data transmission?

A

when data is sent, one bit at a time, over a single wire or channel

19
Q

facts about serial data transmission?

A
  • works well over long distances
  • data is transmitted at a slower rate than parallel data
20
Q

What is parallel data transmission?

A

when several bits of data are sent down several wires or channels at the same time

21
Q

facts about parallel data transmission/

A
  • one wire or channel is used to transmit each bit
  • works well over short distances
22
Q

When are parallel and serial used?

A

serial: USB (Universal Serial Bus)
parallel: Internal computer components, pathways between memory and CPU

23
Q

facts about USB?

A
  • most commonly used type of input/output
  • allows both half-duplex and full-duplex data transmission
24
Q

What does the USB consist of?

A

4 wired shielded cables
- white and green are used for data transmission

25
Q

Benefits and drawbacks of USB?

A

benefits:
- become an industry standard
- supports different data transmissions ates
- is backward compatible

drawbacks:
- standard USB only supports a maximum cable length of 5m

26
Q

what is USB-C?

A

a new type of USB connector
- becoming more common in laptops and computers/phones

27
Q

what is asynchronous data transmission?

A
  • refers to data transmitted in an agreed bit pattern
  • bits are grouped together and sent with CONTROL BITS
  • prevents data being mixed up
  • makes it possible to separate groups of data
28
Q

what is synchronous data transmission?

A
  • continuous stream of data
  • ensures the sender and receiver are synchronized
  • faster data transfer method than asynchronous
29
Q

Is USB asynchronous or synchronous?

A

it is asynchronous

CS (18 decks)

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