Topic 2 - Peacemaking and the League of Nations Flashcards
Give three points from the Fourteen Points
- A ban on treaties and a reduction in arms
- The idea that countries should not claim colonies without consulting each other and the local inhabitants
- Self-determination for counties that were once part of the Turkish and Austro-Hungarian Empires
Who was involved in the Big Three?
The leaders of Britain, France and America.
What were Georges Clemenceau (France)’s views on the peace treaty?
He was under pressure to make German people suffer because of all the devastation the war had caused to France.
He also wanted to prevent future threats of a German invasion. This meant he wanted a harsh treaty to punish Germany and cripple it’s economy so that it would not threaten France again.
What were Woodrow Wilson (USA)’s views on the peace treaty?
It had only been in the war since April 1917 and so its damage and casualties were low compared to France and Britain’s
He believed that Germany was responsible for the war but he did not think that they should be punished harshly.
His aims were self determination and international co-operation which meant settling disputes by all countries working together.
What were David Lloyd George (Britain)’s view on the peace treaty?
The popele o Britain wanted a earsh treaty and Lloyd George had promised that he would make Germany pay. However, he feared that that might lead Germany want revenge and possibly another war.
He also wanted Britain and Germany to start trading again.
What were the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
War guilt German armed forces Reparations Loss of territories Anschluss The league of nations.
What did the main term of War Guilt say?
That Germany had to agree that it was responsible for starting the war.
What did the main term of German armed forces say?
Their army was limited to 100,000.
Conscription was banned.
Germany was not allowed armoured vehicles, submarines or military aircraft.
The navy could only have 6 battleships and 30 smaller ships.
The Rhineland had to be demilitarised. No German troops were allowed in that area.
What did the main aim of Reparations say?
The allies agreed that Germany would have to pay for the damage of the war for Britaina, France and Belgium.
The total figure was £6,600 million.
Name three German lands and territories that went to another country and state which country.
Alsace-Lorraine went to France.
The Polish Corridor went to Poland.
North Schleswig went to Denmark.
What did the main aim of Anschluss say?
The joining of Austria and Germany was fobidden.
What was the League of Nations?
An international ‘police force’ that Germany was not allowed to joing until it proved it was a peace-loving country.
Give three strengths of the Treaty of Versailles.
It brought peace to Europe and set up the League of Nations to preserve this peace.
In some ways it was lenient towards Germany.
Germany had imposed a much harsher treaty on Russia in March 1918 when Russia lost nearly one third of its land area.
Give three weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles.
It left Germany with a number of grievances.
The Germans couldnt afford to pay for the war damage (Reparations).
Britain and France fell out over German peraration payments.
What was Germanys reaction to Reparations?
Many Germans thought this was unfair and that they wouldn’t be able to pay for the damage because Germanys economy had been crippled due to fighting in the war.
