Topic 2 Organisation - Definitions Flashcards
Amylase
An enzyme produced in the salivary glands and pancreas that breaks carbohydrates down into simple sugars.
Aorta
The main artery that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
Artery
A blood vessel that carries blood at high pressure away from the heart. Benign tumour
Benign tumour
An abnormal cell growth that is contained within one area and does not invade other areas of the body.
Bile
A substance made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder which is used to neutralise stomach acid in the intestine and emulsify fats.
Blood
A tissue containing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. Cancer
Cancer
A non-communicable disease caused by changes in the cell that lead to uncontrolled growth and division.
Capillary
A very thin blood vessel that is used for exchange of substances.
Cell
The basic building block of all living organisms.
Communicable disease
A disease that can be spread between individuals either directly or indirectly.
Coronary heart disease
A disease caused by the buildup of fatty deposits inside the coronary artery, narrowing it and reducing blood flow to the heart tissue.
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions in living organisms. Health
Health
The state of physical and mental wellbeing.
Heart
An organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system.
Lipase
An enzyme that is produced in the pancreas that breaks lipids down into fatty acids and glycerol.