Topic 2: Metabolisms and Enzymes Flashcards
Define cell metabolism
Cells acquire energy by breaking down biological macromolecules in catabolic reactions
Define catabolic reaction
energy releasing; break down molecules
What happens to energy in catabolic reactions?
Energy is lost as heat and not available to do work; the rest of the energy is harvested by the cell and transferred to other processes in the cell that need it
Define anabolic metabolism
smaller products put together to build larger, more complex products that have higher energy
____ moves energy from catabolism to anabolism and becomes ADP and vice versa
ATP
Plants using photsynthesis use anabolic reactions to produce glucose from absorbing photons. The ______ _____ is transferred to ____ which is used to do work.
light absorbed; ATP
Which is a catabolic reaction? Why?
a. transcription
b. translation
c. DNA replication
d. Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis - reaction breaks down polymers into smaller monomers
What is an enzyme?
a molecule that catalyzes biochemical reactions
How does a catalyst work?
Increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction
Enzymes bind to the ____ molecules and hold them in such a way to make chemical bond-breaking and forming processes take place more _____.
reactant; easily
True or False: Because enzymes do not change and are not used by the reaction, they can be reused as many times as possible so long as the enzyme remains active.
True
True or False: Enzymes change the free energy of the reaction.
False
Endothermic reactions have what kind of metabolism?
Anabolic
Exothermic reactions have what kind of metabolism?
Catabolic
Define Active Site
the location within the enzyme where the substrate binds