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Chemistry - C1 > Topic 2 - Materials from the Earth > Flashcards

Topic 2 - Materials from the Earth Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of rock?

A

Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic

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2
Q

How is sedimentary rock formed?

A

Sediments fall to the bottom of the sea bed in layers. Layers are put under pressure over long periods of time.

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3
Q

How is igneous rock formed?

A

Volcanoes erupt. Lava cools. Rock forms. Slower it cools the bigger the crystals.

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4
Q

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

A

Metamorphic rocks are formed when other rocks are put under a lot of heat and pressure over long periods of time.

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5
Q

Give an Example of sedimentray rock

A

Limestone

Chalk

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6
Q

Give an example of Igneous rock

A

Granite

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7
Q

Give an example of Metmorphic rock

A

Marble

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8
Q

What is limestone used for?

A

making {glass / concrete / cement / quick lime} / aggregates in road making /

extracting iron /

neutralising {soil / lake} acidity /

neutralising acidic gases in power stations

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9
Q

What are the positive effects of limestone quarrying?

A

More money in the local area

More job opportunities

It’s makes useful materials such as chemicals that make dyes, paints, and medicines.

Neutralises acidic soil.

Used in power Chimenys to neutralise sulfur dioxide as it is an alkali/base

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10
Q

What are the negative effects of quarrying?

A

Dust and noise pollution

Increased traffic ( more pollution)

Destroys animals habitats and the natural landscape

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11
Q

What is the formulae for calcium carbonate (limestone)?

A

CaCO3

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12
Q

What does thermal decomposition mean?

A

Break down due to heat

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13
Q

How do you make limewater (calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)?

A

You dissolve calcium oxide in water

CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2

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14
Q

What is the equation of thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?

A

CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2

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15
Q

How do you make calcium carbonate?

A

Calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide -> calcium carbonate + water

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O

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16
Q

How can calcium hydroxide be used to test for CO2

A

Dissolve in water and bubble co2 through so the solution turns cloudy

17
Q

What do thermal decompositions of carbonates produce?

A

Carbon Dioxide

18
Q

Are any atoms or mass lost in reactions?

A

No there are the same number of atoms at each stage in a sealed reaction. The total mass before and after a sealed reaction is equal.

Chemistry - C1 (6 decks)

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