Topic 2 Health And Physiology Flashcards
Health
A state of physical mental and social well being and not just the absence of disease
Communicable diseases
A disease that is caused by a pathogen and can be transmitted between infected organisms
Non communicable disease
A disease that is not transferred between people or other organisms
Pathogen
Disease causing viruses bacteria fungi or protists
Bacteria
Single celled microorganism some of which are pathogenic in humans animals and plants
Fungi
A large group of eukaryotic organism that contain single celled yeasts mould and mushrooms
Virus
Viruses are small particles capable of infecting every type of living organism they can only reproduce inside living cells
Protist
A eukaryotic usually single celled organism of the kingdom Protista
Lifestyle factor
Behaviours and ways of life that influence an individuals health and well-being
Transmission
The spreading of pathogenic disease for example by touch food or water
Vector
Living organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens between humans or from animals to humans e.g a mosquito
Immune system
The body’s defence system against entry of any foreign body’s including pathogens and agents such as pollen grains the role of the immune system is to prevent disease
White blood cell
A type of cell found in blood that defends against infection
Phagocytes
Cells such as white blood cells that engulf and absorb waste material and harmful microorganisms or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues
Lymphocytes
White blood cells which attack pathogens by producing antibodies
Immunity
When a persons body is not prone to a disease because they have a resistance to it
Heart
The organ in the body that is responsible for pumping blood around the body
Atria
Two upper chambers in the heart that receives blood from circulatory system
Ventricle
Two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the circulatory system
Aorta
A large artery that exits the heart and delivers oxygen rich blood to the body
Heart rate
The number of beats of the heart per minute
Diet
The food and drink an organism consumes
Carbohydrate
A nutrient in the diet that is a key source of energy
Protein
A nutrient in the diet that is required for growth and repair
