TOPIC 2 (Critical Junctures)

Question 1

When did agricultural trade and diplomacy occur between Nomads?

Answer 1

Approx. 4000 yrs ago

Question 2

When was the age of discovery?

Answer 2

Between the 15th and 16th century

Question 3

When was the treaty of Westphalia?

Answer 3

1648

Question 4

What began with the Treaty of Westphalia?

Answer 4

International law and Inter-Governmental organizations.

Question 5

What does Imperialism mean

Answer 5

To create an empire and control it through force

Question 6

What is it meant when a state is colonized?

Answer 6

The state that is the colonizer gains direct political and economic control

Question 7

When did Colonialism and Imperialism begin?

Answer 7

in 1413 with the “European age of expansion”.

Question 8

What was the scramble for Africa?

Answer 8

the division and colonization of Africa by European colonizers

Question 9

When was the Berlin conference?

Answer 9

1884-1885

Question 10

When was WW1?

Answer 10

1914 TO 1918

Question 11

Who was allied in WW1?

Answer 11

UK, French and Russia vs. Germany, Austria Hungary and Italy.

Question 12

What formed in 1918 following the First World War?

Answer 12

The league of nations

Question 13

What took place in the 1930”s

Answer 13

The great depression

Question 14

What caused/was caused by the great depression?

Answer 14

Huge increases in unemployment
Caused the Keynesian global economic system
Strengthened the appeal of Facist communist regimes.

Question 15

When did World War 2 begin?

Answer 15

1938-1945

Question 16

What ended after WW2

Answer 16

colonialism

Question 17

What formally formed after WW2

Answer 17

The United Nations
The Bretton woods institutions

Question 18

What happened in World War 2? Who was against whom?

Answer 18

Japan, Germany and Italy vs. the US, UK, and the Soviet Union. Europe’s power declined and a bipolar world order occurred.

Question 19

When was the cold war?

Answer 19

1947-1991

Question 20

What is a Proxy war?

Answer 20

A proxy war is a war in which a war is initiated by a major power that does not have any involvement in that actual war.

Question 21

When was the UN formed?

Answer 21

In October of 1945, the charter was ratified by 29 states.

Question 22

what ended the Cold War?

Answer 22

Europes discontent with the USSR, the economic decline of the U.S.S.R

Question 23

when was the Bandung conference?

Answer 23

1955

Question 24

Which states were a part of the Bandung conference

Answer 24

Asia and African countries, to ensure they were not impacted by taking sides in the Cold War.

Question 25

When did G77 form in the United Nations?

Answer 25

1960

Question 26

Who was included in G77? What did they form?

Answer 26

77 Newly formed countries. Together they formed a voting bloc within the U.N. that frequently opposed the interests of the United States.

Question 27

what did G77 advocate for?

Answer 27

New International Economic interdependence

Question 28

What caused the world to Become unipolar?

Answer 28

The end of the Cold War and America’s backing of dominated intergovernmental organizations

Question 29

When did the EU form?

Answer 29

1993

Question 30

How many countries were originally a part of the EU compared to now?

Answer 30

6, compared to the 27 now.

Question 31

When was 911? What did it spark?

Answer 31

2001, spared the Bush administration’s invasion of Afghanistan and later Iraq in 2003.

Question 32

When was the financial crisis?

Answer 32

2007-08, caused a huge shift in the global political economy.

Question 33

When did B.R.I.C.S Form?

Answer 33

Brics formed in 2009

Question 34

Which 5 countires are a part of BRICS?

Answer 34

Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa

Question 35

When did the Arab Spring occur?

Answer 35

2011

Question 36

What caused the Arab Spring?

Answer 36

Human rights violations
Political corruption
economic decline
unemployment
extreme poverty
dissatisfied and educated youth

Question 37

List three conflicts inflicted by Russian Aggression.

Answer 37

2008 - Russia induces military actions in Georgia

2014 - Russia invades and annexes Crimea from Ukraine

2022 Russia Invades Ukraine