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Physics > Topic 2 Core question - Electricity > Flashcards

Topic 2 Core question - Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

State the rule for current in a series circuit

A

the current is the same at every point in the circuit and in every component

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2
Q

State the rule for the potential difference in a series circuit

A

the total potential difference of the power supply is shared between components

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3
Q

State the rule for resistance in a series circuit

A

the more resistors, the greater the resistance. RT=R1+R2

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4
Q

State the rule for current in a parallel circuit

A

the total current through the whole circuit is split between the different branches

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5
Q

State the rule for the potential difference in a parallel circuit

A

the potential difference across each branch in the circuit is the same

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6
Q

State the rule for resistance in a parallel circuit

A

adding more resistors in parallel decreases resistance

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7
Q

What colour is the live wire in a three core cable?

A

brown

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8
Q

What colour is the neutral wire in a three core cable?

A

blue

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9
Q

What colour is the earth wire in a three core cable?

A

green and yellow

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10
Q

The potential difference between the live wire and others in the plug is _____ V

A

230V

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11
Q

Current flows into an appliance through the _______ wire

A

live

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12
Q

Current flows out of an appliance through the ______ wire

A

neutral

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13
Q

The _________ wire is a safety feature of appliances

A

earth

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14
Q

Potential difference between the neutral wires and others in the plug should be ____ V

A

0 Volts

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15
Q

Electric Current is….?

A

the flow of electric charge

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16
Q

Potential difference between two points in a circuit is….?

A

the work done when a coulomb of charge passes between the points.

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17
Q

In a circuit the potential difference causes …..?

A

charge to flow

18
Q

Resistance is…?

A

caused by anything which opposes the flow of electric charge

19
Q

Particles which can be ‘charges’ in electric circuits are…

A

electrons or ions

20
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit with only one route for charge to flow

21
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

A circuit with more than one route for charge to flow

22
Q

State the equation for charge flow

A 
Charge flow(C) = Current(A) x Time(s)
Q=It
23
Q

State the equation for potential difference

A 
Potential Difference(V) = Current(A) x Resistance(Ω)
V=IR
24
Q

State the equation for power

with current and potential difference

A

Power(W) = Current(A) x Potential difference(V)

P=IV

25
Q

State the equation for power

with current and resistance

A

Power(W) = Current²(A) x Resistance(Ω)

P=I ²R

26
Q

State the equation for energy transferred

with power and time

A 
Energy transferred(J) = Power(W) x Time(s)
E=Pt
27
Q

State the equation for energy transferred

with charge flow and potential difference

A 
Energy transferred(J) = Charge flow(C) x Potential difference(V)
E=QV
28
Q

Describe the I-V characteristic for a fixed resistor

A

Current and potential difference is directly proportional, resistance is constant

29
Q

Describe the I-V characteristic of a filament lamp

A

Resistance is not constant, it increases as p.d. increases

30
Q

Explain why resistance increases with increased p.d. in a filament lamp

A

temperature increases causing ions to vibrate and increasing collisions with electrons flowing through the filament

31
Q

Describe the I-V characteristic of a diode

A

The current only flows through the diode in one direction, there is a very high resistance in the reverse direction.

32
Q

Current which regularly changes direction is called…

A

alternating current

33
Q

An example of alternating current is…?

A

mains electricity

34
Q

Current which flows in one direction is…?

A

direct current

35
Q

An example of direct current is…

A

batteries

36
Q

What is the potential difference of mains electricity in the UK?

A

230V

37
Q

What is the frequency of the alternating current in UK mains electricity?

A

50Hz

38
Q

The national grid consists of…?

A

Cables and transformers

39
Q

Are power stations part of the national grid?

A

no

40
Q

What does a step up transformer do?

A

Increases p.d.

41
Q

What does a step down transformer do?

A

reduces p.d. to 230 V

42
Q

Why are transformers used?

A

reduce current so that less heat is lost in cables, increases efficiency

Physics (8 decks)

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