TOPIC 2: Construction Premises Flashcards
Construction Premises
- General Construction Site Safety
- Construction Site planning
- Safety Warning and Safety Signs
- Safe Access and Egress
- Temporary Fire Protection Requirements
- Electrical Safety
- Confined Spaces
- Housekeeping
Construction sites can be incredibly dangerous places,
with countless hazards that can cause serious injury or
even death. From falls and electrocutions to struck-by
and caught-in incidents, construction workers face
numerous risks every day. That’s why safety must be a
top priority on every construction site. By implementing
best practices and following regulations, employers and
workers can help ensure that everyone stays safe and
healthy while on the job.
- GENERAL CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY
TRUE OR FALSE: Construction sites can be incredibly dangerous places,
with countless hazards that can cause serious injury or
even death.
TRUE
From _____, construction workers face
numerous risks every day
falls and electrocutions to struck-by
and caught-in incidents
What is site planning?
A ____ in architecture is a drawing that shows the
existing and proposed conditions of a parcel of land and
the arrangement of buildings, parking, drives,
landscaping, and any other structure that is part of a
development project.
site plan
A site plan also shows the
access,
drainage,
privacy,
slopes,
tree cover, and
utility lines of
the site.
is the process of creating a site
plan according to the zoning code of the area.
Site planning
The absence of appropriate
construction site layout leads to an incorrect designation of location for materials and machinery, as a result,
double or triple handling of materials would be required. However, a well- planned construction site layout
causes the increase of safety and
productivity, a decline in areas
required for temporary construction, and maximum utilization.
- Construction Site planning
TRUE OR FALSE: The absence of appropriate construction site layout leads to a correct designation of location for materials and machinery, as a result,
double or triple handling of materials would be required.
FALSE: The absence of appropriate construction site layout leads to an incorrect designation of location for materials and machinery, as a result,
double or triple handling of materials would be required.
What are construction site layout considerations?
- Site Access
- Site Offices
- Workers Accommodation
- Storage Considerations
- Considerations for Temporary Services
- Plant Considerations
- Fencing Considerations
- Safety and Health Considerations
The suitability of the roads to transport all requirements for the suggested construction site and for general circulation should also be examined.
- Site Access
One of the first temporary facilities you need to set up is the construction____. The serves as the hub of the construction site. Workers sign in and out here. The team will often be briefed on daily tasks, check documents and schedules, and may even receive inductions at this location.
- Site Offices
Accommodation considerations include the type and expected number of staff at the construction site, determining the location of offices to provide quick and easy access for visitors, while also offering a good view of the construction site.
- Workers Accommodation
When setting up storage at the construction site, many factors need to be considered. These include the type and quantity of materials, suitable weather and security protections, and the provision of sufficient storage space along with adequate working areas around the storage.
- Storage Considerations
the location of the required services, and the timing in which these services are needed. Coordination between the various services operating at the site is fundamental.
- Considerations for Temporary Services
The contract may specify the type of fencing required. In this regard, the area’s record of vandalism can help determine whether fencing is necessary.
- Fencing Considerations
The plant type, timing, and location of its requirements should be considered when setting a construction layout plan. If the plant is stationary, designate a suitable area for its placement and provide a solid, stable foundation.
- Plant Considerations
The considerations discussed so far should meet the minimum requirements of the applicable health and safety regulations.
- Safety and Health Considerations
ISO 7010, BS WN ISO 7010
Safety Warning and Safety Signs
is a safety standard that safety signs must meet across Europe.
ISO 7010
requires signs to be available for the prevention of accidents, information on health hazards, fire protection, and emergency evacuation.
ISO 7010:2011
is the UK’s selection of symbols designed for safety signs, in accordance with the ____ series for design principles. This standard ensures that all symbols are recognized internationally.
BS EN ISO 7010; BS ISO 3864
Different Types of Safety Signs Used on Construction Sites
Mandatory Signs
Prohibition Signs
Warning Signs
Fire Safety Signs
Emergency Information Signs
Danger Signs
- Warning, You Have Been Warned, Be Careful,
Be Aware
- Yellow or Amber
- Mandatory, You Must Do, Obey
- Blue
Danger Alarm, Prohibition, Do Not, You Must, Stop It If You
Are
- Red
- Emergency Escape, First Aid, No Danger, Follow This Sign
To Reach Safety
- Green
- Here Is The Fire Equipment
- Red (fire-fighting signs)
refer to the means and rate of entry and exit to a workplace or work area. Routes that provide access and egress should be controlled, safe, suitably constructed, kept free of obstructions, and well-maintained.
Safe Access and egress
Fire Protection Plan
The written plan must be consistent with the fire safety precautions specified in this standard. The general contractor and/or building owner is responsible for implementing the provisions of the Fire Protection Plan and communicating it to all subcontractors.
- Temporary Fire Protection Requirements
Determine the color and shape of a safety sign; Determine the Design
ISO 3864-1; 3864-3
The Fire Protection Plan should include the following:
- Fire Department Access Roadways
- Fire Hydrants
- Premises Identification
- Combustible debris
- Oily rags
- Combustible material storage
- Temporary heating equipment
- Smoking
- Vehicle parking
All construction sites shall be readily accessible by fire department
apparatus by means of roadways having an all weather driving
service of not less than 20 feet of unobstructed width.
1.Fire Department Access Roadways
Where underground water mains and hydrants are required for the
building(s) under construction, they shall be installed, completed,
and in service prior to combustible construction material arriving on
site.
- Fire Hydrants
The address numbers of the property or project location shall be clearly visible and legible from the street or road fronting the property at the fire apparatus access point or as otherwise approved.
- Premises Identification
Wood, cardboard, packing material, form lumber, and similar combustible debris must not be accumulated within buildings. Such debris, rubbish, and waste materials should be removed from the building(s) at the end of each work shift.
- Combustible debris
and similar materials must be stored in metal or other approved containers equipped with tight-fitting covers.
- Oily rags
Combustible construction materials should be stored at least 20 feet away from buildings under construction or undergoing alteration.
- Combustible material storage
Temporary heaters, such as those fueled by LPG, must be listed and installed, used, and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Heating devices should be properly secured and kept clear of combustible materials. Refueling operations must be conducted in an approved manner.
- Temporary heating equipment
is prohibited inside or on the roof of new buildings under construction, or in the project work area of buildings undergoing alteration. A suitable number of ‘No Smoking’ signs should be posted to ensure that smoking is controlled.
- Smoking
Electrical Hazards
The most common types of electrical hazards that cause injuries fall into three categories:
Fire
Shocks
Burns
Electrical Safety
All vehicles must be parked at least 20 feet from new buildings under construction.
- Vehicle parking
The most common types of electrical hazards that cause injuries fall into three categories:
Fire
Shocks
Burns
As the conductor heats, any objects with a flash point lower than the heat being generated can ignite. Electricity is a leading cause of fire in the construction industry.
Fire:
A significant danger with electricity is that a person can unknowingly complete a circuit and harm themselves. The human body, composed of more than 75% water, easily conducts electricity.
Shock:
Electrical burns occur when sufficient current passes through body tissue, effectively cooking the tissue. Electrical burns can also be caused by arc blasts.
Burns:
- CONFINED SPACES
- Toxic Atmosphere
- Oxygen Deficiency
- Oxygen Enrichment
- Flammable or Explosive Atmospheres
- Flowing Liquid or Free Flowing Solids
- Excessive Heat
These regulations cover all work related to confined spaces and state the following:
- Work in confined spaces should be avoided if it is reasonably practicable to do so.
- If work must be carried out in a confined space, Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment must be conducted before the work begins.
- No one should enter a confined space unless there is a system of work in place that has been planned, organized, performed, and maintained to ensure safety and minimize health risks.
- Anyone entering a confined space must be provided with appropriate information, training, and instruction specific to the characteristics of the proposed work activities.
The Safety, Health, and Welfare at Work (Confined Spaces) Regulations 2001
Deteriorating housekeeping may be the first sign of a declining safety and health program.
Housekeeping
Good housekeeping must be maintained at all times through the cleanliness of buildings, yards, machines, and equipment, regular waste disposal, and orderly processes, operations, storage, and handling of materials.
Premises of Establishments; RULE 1060 OSHS
(Sweep/Clean/Polish)
Seiso
The 5S of Good Housekeeping
Seiri
Seiton
Seiso
Seiketsu
Shitsuke
(Sort/Eliminate)
Seiri
(Systematize/Organize)
Seiton
(Sanitize/Standardize)
Seiketsu
(Self-Discipline/Training)
Shitsuke
Why 5S?
- Safety
- Quality improvement
- Efficiency
- Productivity improvement
- Workers feel good in their second home
- Easy knowledge of process abnormalities
- Work improvement
- Company image - cleanliness/orderliness/beautification
“Take Out Unnecessary Items and Dispose”
SEIRI
Steps of Seiri
Step 1:
Look around your workplace and dispose of all unnecessary items.
Step 2:
Set aside items with a Disposal Notice. Decide if they are necessary or not.
“ARRANGE NECESSARY ITEMS IN GOOD
ORDER FOR USE”
SEITON
Steps of Seiton
Step 1:
Eliminate unnecessary items from your workplace. Consider what items should remain, taking into account the flow of work, and ensuring efficient operation.
Step 2:
Decide with your colleagues where to place items. The principle is to keep frequently needed items close to the user.
Step 3:
Make a list of items and their locations, and post it on lockers or cabinets. Inform everyone in the workplace.
Step 4:
Indicate the locations of fire extinguishers, passages for forklifts/carts, and place warning signs for safety precautions as needed.
“Clean Your Workplace”
SEISO
The following are suggested for Seiso (Sweep) operations:
Do not wait until things get dirty. Clean your workplace, including machines, equipment, tools, and furniture, regularly to prevent buildup.
Set aside 3 minutes every day for Seiso (Sweep).
“Maintain a High Standard of Housekeeping”
SEIKETSU
Seiketsu take note:
- Maintain a workplace that is free from germs and stains.
Create a schedule for thorough cleaning of your workplace. - Seiketsu is especially significant for work involving food products, pharmaceutical products, electronic components, etc.
“Do Things Spontaneously Without Being Told or Ordered”
SHITSUKE
Shitsuke Take note:
Encourage everyone to practice 5S spontaneously and willingly as a habit or way of life.
Continue practicing 5S regularly until it becomes second nature for everyone.
