Topic 2 Flashcards
Ionic Bonding
Metal and non metal
Metal gives electrons to the non metal to form +ve and -ve ions
Covalent bonding
Non metal and non metal
Non metals share electrons
Metallic bonding
Metal and metal
Metals ions are surrounded by ‘free’ electrons
Ionic
High mot/bot- strong bonds between ions
Conduct electricity- ions can’t move
Molten and dissolved- ions can move to carry current
Covalent - simple molecular
Low mot/bot soft when solid- bonds between molecules very weak
Can’t conduct- molecules aren’t charged
Covalent- giant covalent
High mpt/bot hard and strong- strong bonds between all atoms
Doesn’t conduct- no free charges/electrons
Metallic
High mot/bot hard and strong - strong bonds between ions
Malleable- regular structure, layers slide
It conducts- free electrons ions
Allotrope
Different structural for, of the same element
What are the four allotropes of carbon?
Diamond
Graphite
Graphene
Fullerenes
Diamonds
All carbon atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds
Each carbon atom is bonded to 4 others
Hard and strong, high melting point and does not conduct electricity
Graphite
Carbon atoms from layers which can slide over each other
Each carbon atom is bonded to 3 others in the layer
Soft, high melting point, does conduct electricity
Lubricants
Graphene
A single layer os carbon atoms
Each carbon atom bonded to 3 others
Hard strong high melting point , does conduct electricity
Electrical circuits
C 60
A cage or ball of carbon atoms joined together
Each carbon atom is bonded to 3 others
Soft, low melting point, does not conduct electricity
Lubricant
Monomers
Special type of simple covalent molecule that can react with themselves
Double bond which can break and lots of monomers can join to make a huge chain of carbon atoms
