Topic 1C: Periodic Table of Elements

Question 1

Groups/Families

Answer 1

• vertical columns
• elements have the same number of valence electrons (in the outermost shell of atom)
• only a certain amount can fit in each shell and must be filled up to fill the next
• 2,8,8,16

Question 2

Periods

Answer 2

• horizontal rows
• elements have the same number of energy levels

Question 3

Metals

Answer 3

• most are solid, besides mercury, at standard temp and pressure
• shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat
• lose electrons to become positive ions

Question 4

Non-metals

Answer 4

• include gases, liquids, and solids @ SATP
• generally not shiny, brittle, and bad conductors of heat/electricity
• gain electrons to become negative ions

Question 5

Metalloids

Answer 5

• solids @ SATP
• some shiny/dull, all brittle + not ductile
• some gain or lose electrons