Topic 1a: Atoms Elements Compounds And Mixtures Flashcards
What do atoms contain
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
The number of protons equals
The number of electrons
Are atoms positive negative or neutral. Why?
They are neutral cause they have the same number of protons and elctrons
In the periodic table what does the top number show.
It is the mass number and shows the amount of protons and neutrons in an atom
How do you work out the amount of neutrons using the nuclear symbol?
Subtract atomic number from mass number
What is an element
An element is a substance made up of atoms which all have the same number of protons in their nucleus
What are isotopes?
Different forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
How to work out the reletive atomic mass of a substance:
Sum of (isotope abundance × isotope mass number) ÷ sume of abundance of all isotopes
When are compounds formed?
When elements react
What are mixtures?
To or more element or compounds mixed together with no chemical bonds
What method shoukd you use to separate compounds from a mixture?
Chromatography
What methods should you use to separate insoluble solids from liquids?
Filtration
2 ways to separate soluble solids from solutions
Evaporation
Crystallisation
What method can be used to separate out a liquid from a solution?
Simple distillation
What method can be used to separate out mixtures of liquids?
Fractional distillation
