Topic 1.8 - Inorganic Ions

Question 1

Where are inorganic ions found in the body?

Answer 1

In solution in the cytoplasm and body fluids

Question 2

What are the 4 main inorganic ions?

Answer 2

1) Hydrogen ions
2) Iron ions
3) Sodium ions
4) Phosphate ions

Question 3

Describe the role of hydrogen ions (2)

Answer 3

1) Maintain pH levels in the body -> high conc = acidic / low pH
2) Affects enzyme rate of reaction as can cause enzymes to denature

Question 4

Describe the role of Iron ions (2)

Answer 4

1) Component of haem group of haemoglobin
2) Allowing oxygen to bind / associate for transport as oxyhaemoglobin

Question 5

Describe the role of Sodium ions (3)

Answer 5

1) Involved in the co-transport of glucose / amino acids into cells
2) Involved in action potentials in neurons
3) Affects water potential of cells / osmosis

Question 6

Describe the role of Phosphate ions (4)

Answer 6

1) Component of nucleotides, allowing phosphodiester bonds to form in DNA / RNA
2) Component of ATP, allowing energy release
3) Phosphorylates other compounds making them more reactive
4) Hydrophilic part of phospholipids, allowing a bilayer to form