Topic 18: Aliphatic Synthesis pathways Flashcards by Renee Tuck

Q

Alkene to alkane

A

H2
Nickel
200 degrees

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Q

Alkane to haloalkane

A

Halogen
UV light

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Q

Haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH
warm

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Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

conc. H2SO4
180 degrees

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Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

conc. H3PO4
High temp and pressure

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Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

HX

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Q

Haloalkane to alkene

A

KOH
ethanol
hot

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Q

Alcohol to aldehyde

A

Primary alcohol
K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
Heat

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Q

Aldehyde to alcohol

A

NaBH4
or LiAlH4

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Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7
conc.H2SO4
or Tollens
or Fehling’s
heat

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Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
Heat

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Q

Ketone to alcohol

A

NaBH4

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Q

Ketone to 2-hydroxynitrile

A

HCN

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Q

Aldehyde to 2-hydroxynitrile

A

HCN

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Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol
conc. H2SO4

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Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Carboxylic acid
conc. H2SO4
or Acyl Chloride
or Acyl Anhydride

Q

Haloalkane to nitrile

A

KCN
Ethanol
heat

Q

Nitrile to amine

A

LiAlH4
200 degrees

Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

NH3
Heat

Q

Amine to Amide

A

Acyl chloride
or Acyl anhydride

Q

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

Reflux
H2O
or NaOH (aq)