Topic 17 Flashcards
Inheritance
Transmission of genetic information from generation to generation.
Chromosome
A thread-like structure of DNA carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Gene
A length of DNA that codes for a protein.
Allele
A version of a gene.
Haploid nucleus
A nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Diploid nucleus
A nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes.
Mitosis
Nucleus division giving rise to cells that are genetically identical.
Meiosis
Reduction division in which the chromosomes number have halved from diploid to haploid resulting in generally diffraction cells.
Genotype
Genetic make-up of an organism in term of the alleles present.
Phenotype
The observable features of an organism.
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles of a particular gene.
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles of a particular gene.
Dominant
An allele that is expressed if it is present.
Recessive
An allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele of the gene present.
Sex-linked characteristics
A characteristic in which the gene responsible is located on a sex chromosome and that this makes it more common in one sex than another.
