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Ecology And Geography > Topic 13 Environmental Pollution > Flashcards

Topic 13 Environmental Pollution Flashcards

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1
Q

Pollutants can be classified into two:

A

Natural and artificial

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2
Q

Pollutants NOT produced by humans

A

Natural

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3
Q

Pollutants produced by humans

A

Artificial

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4
Q

Artificial pollutant can be divided into three:

A

Chemical pollutants
Physical pollutants
Biological pollutants

ChemPhyBio*

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5
Q

Which are the chemical pollutants?

A

Are those generated by the industry such as detergent, oil, solvent and petroleum.

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6
Q

Which are the physical pollutants?

A

Could be of a visual, hearing or radiative character, as well as garbage.

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7
Q

Which are the biological pollutants?

A

Are those generated by hospitals, such as blood, organs, viruses or bacteria; as well as protozoan or fungus generated by garbage.

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8
Q

World’s water percentages:

A

97% in oceans and seas
2% in glaciers
1% as freshwater.

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9
Q

Water can be polluted with:

A

Garbage
Detergents and solvents; pathogen organisms.
Hospital discharges
Industrial discharges( Heavy metals, detergents and solvents)
Agrochemical discharges(pesticides)
Nuclear plant discharges
Petrochemical industry discharges

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10
Q

The 3 types of water treatment:

A

By physical processes
By chemical processes.
By biological processes.

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11
Q

Which is the physical process of water treatment?

A

Sedimentation, filtration, flotation.

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12
Q

Which is the chemical process for water treatment?

A

Ozonation, disinfection, neutralization and oxidation-reduction.

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13
Q

Which is the biological process of water treatment?

A

Aerobic, anaerobic or facultative processes.

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14
Q

Air pollution creates environmental problems like:

A

Greenhouse effect, climate change and the deterioration of ozone layer.

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15
Q

The air pollutant substances can be generated by three types of sources:

A

Natural. Such as volcanos, pollen, dust and ashes.
Fixed Source. Such as industry and garbage burning.
Movable source. Such as cars and planes.

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16
Q

Air pollutants can be divided into:

A

➡️Primary pollutants: Chemical substances added directly to the air by natural, permanent of movable sources.
SO2, NO, NO2, SO3, CO, CO2

➡️Secondary pollutants: Dangerous substances formed in the atmosphere when a primary pollutant➕natural component/with other pollutants
H2SO4, HNO3, PAN, smog

17
Q

Air can be polluted by:

A 
Urban transportation emissions
Industrial gaseous emissions
Industrial dust emissions
Landfills
Garbage burning
Wildfires
Aerial spraying of pesticides 
Gasoline, petroleum and coal consumption
18
Q

What is smog?

A

Mixture of pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of:

volatile organic compounds➕nitrogen oxides➕oxygen➕influence of solar light.

19
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Nitrogen and sulfur oxides➕water vapor➕solar light= nitric and sulfuric acid.

Its precipitation is in form of dust, rain or snow with a pH below 5.6.

20
Q

There are three types of waste that contaminate the soil:

A

Solid waste. Also called garbage.
Hazardous waste. Generated by several types of industries.
Biological-infectious waste. Generated by hospitals.

21
Q

Garbage’s 2 types:

A

Organic or biodegradable

Inorganic or non-degradable

22
Q

Hazardous waste is produced in:

A

➡️Houses. Batteries, cell batteries and computers.
➡️Hospitals. Blood, organs, syringe, bloody gauzes.
➡️Shops. Like mechanical workshops which use oil or solvent.
➡️Industries. They generate the biggest quantities of hazardous waste such as solvents, metals, chemicals, and hydrocarbon.

23
Q

The biological-infectious waste examples:

A

Pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria and viruses.

..incineration*

24
Q

The decibels permitted before causing noise pollution:

A

70 decibels as a maximum

25
Q

What is visual pollution?

A

Panoramic ads, excessive illumination.

26
Q

Explain the greenhouse effect

A

Solar radiation reaches the atmosphere, a great part is reflected to space, another part is absorbed and another reaches the surface and
because of the gases, some radiation stays on the atmosphere, warming up the Earth(causing climate change)

27
Q

Examples of greenhouse effect gases

A 
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Ozone (O3) as smog
Water vapor
28
Q

Explain ozone depletion

A

…

29
Q

What is pollution according to the LGEEPA?

A

The presence of one or more pollutants in the environment or any combination of them that causes an ecologic unbalance.

Ecology And Geography (5 decks)

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