Topic 12 Biodiversity And Natural Resources Flashcards
How many species are there in the planet?
1.7-2 million
Which are the diversity levels?
➡️Genetic diversity: A group of several populations from different species that inhabit in a certain community.
➡️Ecosystem diversity: The variety of ecological systems located in a certain region.
➡️Species diversity: the variety of organisms that define a community.
➡️Population diversity: the difference between groups of the same species that inhabits different places.
Mega diverse countries gather up to ___% of Earth’s species
70
Natural resources are dived into three:
Renewable *The ones that have the capacity to regenerate/recover naturally(flora, fauna)
Non-renewable *The ones that DO NOT regenerate after being extracted
Permanent *They regenerate themselves ☀️💨
What is overexploitation?
Extraction of organisms from a population in a GREATER rate than its reproduction rate
Prehistoric societies
Groups conformed by hunters and collectors.
They fed on plants, animals and water they found Their energy was originated from the Sun/own muscles.
They abandoned a place before eroding or acidify the soil with organic waste.
ICEAGE
Agricultural societies
They emerged when small groups of nomads learned how to cultivate, as well as domesticate animals.
they usually destroyed vegetation through burning it or through the “slash-and-burn” technique.
When the crops decreased, they just left.
They became cities.
Environmental impact increases
Overpopulation and massive use of the ground started.
Industrial societies
Started in the 18th century during the Industrial Revolution in England.
The main source of energy was vapor and coal.
There were machines moved by vapor: trains.
They changed their energy source ➡️petroleum.
MASS production,
Caused a huge environmental impact.
Modern society
Consumption society Overpopulation Fossil fuel dependence Synthetic products Worldwide transportation ENORMOUS environmental impact
Causes of biodiversity loss:
The loss or deterioration of habitat
The introduction of exotic or invasive species. (🐨*)
Overexploitation: logging, hunting, fishing, among others.
Contamination.
Climate change.
How can we preserve resources?
➡️Protection and conservation in natural reserves(Terrestrial and marine areas)
➡️Sustainable use of natural ecosystems(Alternative uses)
➡️Ecologic restoration(series of practices aimed to the restoration of the affected ecosystems)
What is desertification?
degradation of arid lands, semi-arid and dry and sub-humid areas🌵🌍
What does soil loses when it desertificates?
Nutrients and vegetation.
Causes of desertification:
Climate changes and human activities:agriculture, grazing, logging and lack of water.
Protected areas in Mexico:
National parks National monuments Natural resources protection areas Flora and fauna protection areas Sanctuaries
