Topic 1.2 - Proteins Flashcards
What is the monomer for a protein?
Amino acids.
Many amino acids can join to form a polymer. What is the polymer called?
Polypeptide.
What are the four different functional groups that are connected to a carbon in an amino acid?
R group, amino group, carboxyl group and a hydrogen atom.
2 amino acids can join and form a bond, what is this bond called?
Peptide bond.
How many structures can a protein have?
4.
What are the 4 structures?
- Primary structure
- Secondary structure
- Tertiary structure
- Quaternary Structure
What are the main features of primary structure?
Amino acids join together by forming peptide bonds. They are formed when an amine group and a carboxylic group release a molecule water. This is known as a condensation reaction. Many amino acids that are joined together can also be called a polypeptide chain.
What are the main features of secondary structure?
The polypeptide chain undergoes folding, where hydrogen and ionic bonds are formed between R groups. This can create structures such as an alpha helix or beta pleated sheets.
What are the main features of tertiary structure?
The secondary structure undergoes even more folding and there are now 3 types of bonds formed:
1. Disulfide Bridges
2. Ionic bonds
3. Hydrogen bonds.
What are the main features of the quaternary structure?
A combination of different polypeptide chainsand prostheric groups that have been joined together.
What is the test for proteins and now does it work?
The Biuret test. It detects peptide bonds. To do this you place a sample of sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature. Then you add a few drops of very dilute copper sulfate solution and mix gently. The solution is blue. If peptide bonds are present, it will turn purple, otherwise it will remain blue.
