Topic 12 - Acid-base Equilibria

Question 1

Brønsted-Lowry acid

Answer 1

A proton donor

Question 2

Brønsted-Lowry base

Answer 2

A proton acceptor

Question 3

Conjugate acid/base pair

Answer 3

Two species left over as a result of a proton donation

Question 4

pH

Answer 4

A figure expressing the acidity/alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale
-log10([H+])

Question 5

Ka

Answer 5

Acidic dissociation constant

Question 6

pKa

Answer 6

-log10(Ka)

Lower the pKa, stronger the acid

Question 7

Kw

Answer 7

Ionic product of water

10^-14

Question 8

Lewis acid

Answer 8

Electron pair acceptor

Question 9

Lewis base

Answer 9

Electron pair donor

Question 10

Strong acid

Answer 10

Acid that dissociates completely in water

Question 11

Strong base

Answer 11

Base that dissociates completely in water

Question 12

Weak acid

Answer 12

Acid which dissociates slightly in water

Question 13

Weak base

Answer 13

Base that dissociates slightly in water

Question 14

Amphoteric

Answer 14

Substance that can act as an acid and a base

eg. HCO3 -

Question 15

Monoprotic acid

Answer 15

Can release only one H+ ion upon dissociation

Question 16

Polyprotic acid

Answer 16

Can release multiple H+ ions upon dissociation

Question 17

Equivalence point

Answer 17

The point when full neutralisation occurs

Question 18

Buffer

Answer 18

Solution that resists change in pH when small amounts of strong acid/base are added

large amount of strong acid/base + salt (i.e. conjugate base/acid)

Question 19

Acidic buffer

Answer 19

A buffer containing a weak acid and its conjugate base

Question 20

Alkaline buffer

Answer 20

A buffer containing a weak base and its conjugate acid