Topic 12 Flashcards
Causation
How does it work?
Development
How did it develop?
Function
Why do they do it?
Evolution
Why and how did a behavior evolve?
Proximate
Causation and Development
(mechanism)
Ultimate
Function and Evolution
(Evolutionary)
Learned Behavior
Acquired through experience
Innate Behavior
Acquired throughout inheritance
Complex Behavior
Mix of both innate and learned behavior
Foraging Behavior
food obtaining behavior
Sex
- differentiates organisms by the size of gametes produced
- neither fixed or binded
Mating Type
species produces multiple types of gametes that are all the same type (i.e., a, b, c, d, or +/- etc.)
Gender
related to identity (e.g. humans); can also refer to morphology
(e.g., green versus orange male lizards)
Sexual Monomorphism
sexes phenotypically
indistinguishable from each other
Sexual Dimorphism
features that differ among
sexes, but are not directly part of reproduction
secondary sex characteristics
size, weight, color, markings
Monogamy
two individuals mate for a long time
Polygamy
more than 2 individuals
Polygny
One male, multiple females
Polyandry
One female multiple males
Sexual Selection
Selection occurring due to the advantage which some individuals have
over other individuals of the same sex and species solely in terms of
reproduction
Intersexual Selection
Selection on characteristics to increase mating events (a.k.a. “mate
choice”)
Intrasexual Selection
Selection on characteristics to compete with same sex
Agonistic behavior
contest for access to food or mates
