Topic 10

Question 1

Closest known living relatives to fungi

Answer 1

• Nucleariids (single-celled protists)

Question 2

Fungi evolved from

Answer 2

flagellated ancestor in aquatic environments

Question 3

5 Major Fungi Groups

Answer 3

Chytrids
Zygomycetes
Glomeromycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes

Question 4

Chytrids Characteristics

Answer 4

Basal Group
Live off other organisms (pathogenic)
Have flagella

Question 5

Zygomycetes Characteristics

Answer 5

Mold
Extremely effective spores

Question 6

Glomeromycetes

Answer 6

Mutualistic

Question 7

Ascomycetes

Answer 7

Cup fungi

Question 8

Basidiomycetes

Answer 8

Traditional mushroom

Question 9

Synapomorphies (shared traits)

Answer 9

Heterotrough
Growth through multi cellular filaments (except yeast)

Question 10

Hydraulic Enzyme

Answer 10

Breakdown tissue

Question 11

Hyphae

Answer 11

Network of tiny filaments

Question 12

Chitin

Answer 12

strong but flexible polysaccharides

Question 13

Mycelium

Answer 13

Mass of hyphae

Question 14

Fruiting body

Answer 14

Reproductive structure
- creates spores

Question 15

Fungi Reproduction

Answer 15

Sexual and asexual
uses whichever is most beneficial at the time

Question 16

Asexual reproduction Fungi

Answer 16

spore (n) to mycelium

Question 17

Fungi Sexual Reproduction

Answer 17

spore
plasmogamy
heterokaryotic stage(n + n)
karyogamy
(diploid stage)
Meiosis

Question 18

Plasmogamy

Answer 18

Fusing of the cytoplasm
* Heterokaryotic: coexisting, genetically different
nuclei
* Can exist in this state for a long time

Question 19

Karyogamy

Answer 19

Fusing of nuclei
* Followed by meiosis to make spores

Question 20

Mycorrhizae

Answer 20

mutually beneficial relationships
between fungi and plant roots
- Due to specialized hyphae that exchange nutrients with
plant host