Topic 11 - Group 17 Flashcards
What is the color and state of Fluorine at rtp?
Pale yellow gas
What is the color and state of Chlorine at rtp?
Pale green gas
What is the color and state of Bromine at rtp?
Brown-orange liquid
What is the color and state of Iodine at rtp?
Grey solid
Do boiling points increase or decrease down group 17?
Increase
Does electronegativity increase or decrease down group 17?
Decrease
Why does electronegativity decrease down group 17?
Increased shielding.
Atoms get larger so the distance between the nucleus and the electrons increases.
Are hydrogen halides acidic or basic?
Acidic
What is formed when hydrogen halides react with water?
Acids and white misty fumes.
What forms when hydrogen halides react with ammonia gas?
White fumes of ammonium halides.
Does hydrogen halide stability when heated increase or decrease down group 17?
Decrease
What happens when HF and HCL are heated?
They are stable and don’t split into H+/F- or Cl- ions.
What happens when HBr is heated?
It partially splits up.
What happens when HI is heated?
It splits up easily.
What is the chemical test for halides?
Silver nitrate solution and then confirm with ammonia.
What forms when chloride ions are added to HNO3 and AgNO3?
White precipitate forms. (silver chloride AgCl)
What forms when bromide ions are added to HNO3 and AgNO3?
Cream precipitate forms. (silver bromide AgBr)
What forms when iodide ions are added to HNO3 and AgNO3?
Yellow precipitate forms. (silver iodide AgI)
What happens when ammonia solution is added to the silver nitrate tests?
Cl - precipitate dissolves in dilute NH3
Br - precipitate dissolves in conc. NH3
I - precipitate is insoluble in NH3
What is hexane used as?
An organic solvent.
Why is hexane used in displacement reactions?
The halogen will dissolve in the hexane and a colored band will appear above the aqueous solution. Color changes are more visible.
Does reactivity in halogens increase or decrease down group 17?
Decrease
Are halogens more or less oxidising down group 17?
Less oxidising.
What color is the aqueous layer when KBR reacts with chlorine water, bromine water, and iodine solution?
Cl2 and Br2 - yellow
I2 - brown
What color is the aqueous layer when KCL reacts with chlorine water, bromine water, and iodine solution?
Cl2 - colorless
Br2 - yellow
I2 - brown
What color is the aqueous layer when KI reacts with chlorine water, bromine water, and iodine solution?
Brown for all.
What oxidation states can Fluorine form?
0 and -1
What oxidation states can Chlorine form?
-1 (chloride Cl-)
0 (chlorine Cl2)
+1 (chlorate (I) ClO-)
What oxidation states can Bromine form?
-1 (bromide Br-)
0 (bromine Br2)
+1 (bromate (I) BrO-)
+3 (bromate (III) BrO2-)
What oxidation states can Iodine form?
+5 (iodate (V) IO3-)
+7 (iodate (VII) IO4-)
What is disproportionation?
The simultaneous oxidation and reduction of X
Are halide ions oxidising agents or reducing agents?
Reducing
Does reducing power increase or decrease down the group?
Increase
What are the products when H2SO4 reacts with NaX (X being a halide ion)?
NaHSO4 + HX
How to remember all the sulfur and halide reactions?
White fumes
Purple/orange vapor
Yellow solid
Rotten egg
What is sodium chlorate (I) also known as?
Bleach
How does chlorine kill bacteria in water?
It reacts to form chlorate (ClO-) ions which kill bacteria in water
What is the full name of PVC?
Polyvinylchloride
What is PVC used in?
Electrical coverings
Window frames
Guttering
Plumbing pipes
