Topic 11: Causes, Practices and Effects of Wars - C3 - Spanish Civil War

Question 1

Causes

Answer 1

Economic
Ideological
Political
Territorial

Question 2

Economic

Answer 2

Economic Disparities and Land Distribution
Industrial and Labor Unrest
North vs South
Impact of the great Depression
Failure of Agrarian Reform
Economic Policy Failures

Question 3

Ideological

Answer 3

Clerical vs Secular
Socialist vs Capitalist
Facsism vs Communism
Reaction of the Second Republic’s Reforms
Popular front vs Nationalist front

Question 4

Political

Answer 4

Monarchical Instability vs Dictatorship
Fragmented Political Landscape
Regional Nationalisms
Polarization and Radicalization under Second Republic
Electoral Shifts and Instability
Coupdetat and Political Crisis

Question 5

Territorial

Answer 5

Regional Nationalisms
History Autonomy and Centralisation Efforts
The Second Republic’s Autonomy Statutes

Question 6

Long-Term

Answer 6

Economic Disparities and Land Distribution
Industrial and Labor Unrest
North vs South

Clerical vs Secular
Socialist vs Capitalist

Monarchical Instability vs Dictatorship
Fragmented Political Landscape
Regional Nationalisms

Regional Nationalisms
History Autonomy and Centralisation Efforts

Question 7

Short-Term

Answer 7

Impact of the great Depression
Failure of Agrarian Reform
Economic Policy Failures

Facsism vs Communism
Reaction of the Second Republic’s Reforms
Popular front vs Nationalist front

Polarization and Radicalization under Second Republic
Electoral Shifts and Instability
Coupdetat and Political Crisis

The Second Republic’s Autonomy Statutes

Question 8

Practices and Outcomes (Events-who won and why?)

Answer 8

Technological (air, naval and land)
Mobilisation of human and Economic Resources
Foreign Intervention

Question 9

Technological (air, naval and land)

Answer 9

Air:
Development and use
Impact on Tactics
Technological Superiority

Sea:
Blockade and Control
Naval Engagement

Land:
Armament and Equipment (modernity)
Innovation and tactics
Role of foreign technology and expertise

Question 10

Mobilisation of human and Economic Resources

Answer 10

Human:
Recruitment and Organizational Republicans
International Brigades and Foreign Aid

Economic:
Industrial and Agricultural Output
Financial and Material Aid
Economic Policies and War Economy

Question 11

Foreign Involvement

Answer 11

Nationalist Foreign Intervention (germany and italy)
Republican foreign Intervention
(USSR)

Question 12

Effects (results and consequences)

Answer 12

Political
Economic
Social

Question 13

Political

Answer 13

Establishment of Franco’s Dictatorship
Suppression of Regional Autonomies
International Isolation and Alignment

Question 14

Economic

Answer 14

Devastation and Reconstruction
Autarky and Isolation
Delayed Modernization

Question 15

Social

Answer 15

Impact on Women:
Women played a significant role as combatants, supporters, and organizers
Post-war repression and loss of rights

Human Cost:
Deaths and Casualties 500000 to 1000000
Repression and fear during dictatorship

Question 16

Leadership

Answer 16

Nationalist Leadership:
General Francisco Franco’s authoritarian leadership style.
Centralized command structure facilitating efficient military coordination.
Utilization of international support, particularly from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany.
Successful strategic planning leading to eventual triumph.
Lead to post-war dictatorial regime and brutal repression.

Republican Leadership:
Internal divisions and ideological differences.
Decentralized command structure causing disjointed military strategies.
Struggles in securing consistent international support, particularly from the Soviet Union.
Weakened morale among Republican forces.
Ineffective response to the Nationalist advance leading to defeat in the civil war.