Topic 10. values Flashcards
Normal EDV and ESV
Normal EF
EDV 120ml
ESV 50ml
70ml ejected.
normal EF 50-70 or 55-75% depending on source.
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure
Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure
Normal aortic systolic pressure
MAP
24mmHg
9mmHg
120mmHg
MAP ~95 mmHg. 1/3systolic + 2/3diastolic
Normal pulmonary venous pressure/Left atrial pressure/Pulmonaryu capillary wedge pressure
Normal central venous pressure, Right atrial pressure.
Right max ventricular systolic and End Diastolic Pressure.
5-12mmHg. Left atrial pressure aka capillary wedge pressure
1-6mmHg. Right atrial pressure
Systolic, 15-30mmHg, ie, 24mmHg
Diastolic 3-8mmHg, ie 4 mmHG
Left ventricular
Max systolic pressure
End systolic pressure
End distolic pressure
max systolic : 120
end systolic: 100
end diastolic: 8, 3-12
Cardiac cycle duration, RR interval
0.85 seconds. ~70bpm.
Duration of:
Systol,
Isovolumetric contraction portion
Diastole
Isovol relaxation
Systole 0.27 sec
Isovol contraction 0.05s
Diasolte 0.53 sec
isovol relax. 0.08s
Cardiac index, calculation and normal range
CI that indicates cardiogenic shock
Relates the Cardiac output in one minute to the total body surface area.
CI= CO/BSA
CI= stroke volume x heart rate / BSA
CI= 2.6-4.2 L/min/sq.m.
CI less than 2.2 indicates shock, less than 1.8 according to Oxford.
Total peripheral resistance calculation
TPR = perfusion pressure/CO = MAP/CO
normal value 18mmHg/L/min
Stroke work
equals the area of the P-V loop.
approx = Left V. ESP x SV
Stroke volume of the LV and RV
are BOTH ~70mL
they have to be about equal, its a connected system.
ESPVR
End systolic pressure volume relationship
Measuring the end systolic pressure as it increases during Inferior vena cava occlusion.
This decreases ventricular preload (EDV) and causes the PV loop to shift to the left and get smaller over several heart beats; decreased preload causes a reduction in SV (loop width). Peak systolic pressure (loop height) also decreases because arterial pressure falls as the cardiac output declines during IVC occlusion. Therefore, afterload is decreased along with the preload. The ESPVR is determined by the line intersecting the upper left corners of the loops. A linear relationship generally occurs within a narrow range of pressures and volumes (several beats). After several seconds the ESPVR becomes non-linear with a steeper slope as baroreflexes increase ventricular inotropy.
Ways to measure cardiac contractility
Ejection fraction. Easiest and most frequent
Maximal rate of systolic pressure increase during isovolumetric contraction phase. Maximal pressure change/time maxdP/dT. flatter slope indicates ‘hypodynamic heart,’ heart failure.
End Systolic Pressure Volume Relationtionship
ESPVR measurement. Most precise and by far most invasive.
Preload Recruitable Stroke Work.
Plotting Stroke work (area of the PV-loop), against EDV.
Steeper slope indicates more contractility.
Measurement is unaffected by the amount of preload and afterload.
Things that increase the JVP a-wave
Tricuspid stenosis, atria has to contract with more pressure
Pulmonary Hypertension
Right heart failure, volume overload in RV.
Things that decrease or ablate the JVP a wave
Atrial fibrillation
Arteriovenous oxygen difference AVDO2
3.5-4.8 Vol. in volume %
