Topic 10 - Drugs that affect the Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Explain why diuretics, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists are indicated for hypertension and
heart failure by referring to their pharmacodynamics and pharmacological effects.

A

Competitively inhibits ACE from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Lowered levels of angiotensin II results in:

  • Decreased vasoconstriction → decreased TPR → decreased MAP
  • Decreased aldosterone secretion → decreased sodium reabsorption → decreased blood volume → decreased cardiac output → decreased MAP
  • Decreased ADH secretion → decreased water reabsorption → decreased blood volume → decreased CO → decreased MAP
  • Decreased sympathetic activity → decreased TPR & CO → decreased MAP

Inhibition of ACE results in a ↓ in vascular tone, and direct lowering of BP

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