TOPIC 10 Flashcards
is a set of
priorities for the efficient use of
resources; this underpins the
objectives of the Waste Avoidance
and Resource Recovery Act 2001
waste hierarchy
3 Types of waste Hierarchy
- waste procurement
- resource development
3.End of pipe
Avoid/Prevent and
Reuse
Green Procurement
Reuse, Recycle,
Recovery
Resource Development
Treatment and Disposal
End of pipe
The most important step in the proper
management of health care wastes is
Waste minimization
Green procurement involves two aspect
WASTE PREVENTION/AVOIDANCE &
WASTE REDUCTION
highest priority and its goal is to maximize
efficiency and avoid unnecessary consumptions
Green Procurement
-The second priority
- maximizes options for REUSING,
RECYCLING & RECOVERING
WASTES
Resource development
It is implemented for wastes that can’t be
safely reused, recycled or recovered
End of pipe
Two aspects of End of pipe
- Waste treatment
- Waste disposal
process of changing the biological and chemical
characteristics of waste to minimize its potential to
cause harm
Waste Treatment
refers to discharging, depositing, placing or releasing
any health care waste into air-land or water.
Waste Disposal
involves measures that either completely eliminate use of a material or generate less
waste
Reduction at source
5 Principle of waste minimization
- Reduction at source
-reuse
-recycling - segregation
-composition
-promoting re-use entails, the selection or reusable rather
than disposable products whenever possible
– reuse also etail setting reliable standards for disinfection and
sterilization of equipment and materials use
Reuse
-is collecting waste and processing it into
something new.
Recycling
It minimizes the amount of waste that needs to be managed as biohazardous
or hazardous waste (since mixing non-infectious waste with infectious of hazardous waste renders the combined
amount of infectious or hazardous respectively
Segregation of waste
an important strategy to minimize waste such as food discards,
kitchen waste, cardboard and yard waste
Composting
7 types of methods used in treatment of healtcare waste
- pyrolysis
2.autoclave
3.microwave - chemical disinfection
- biological process
- encapsulation
- internization
-is the thermal decomposition of wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the
destruction chamber where the waste is converted into gaseous, liquid and solid form
Pyrolysis
is the use of steam sterilization to render waste harmless and is an efficient wet thermal
disinfection process
Autoclave
waste residues may be in the form of greasy aggregates or slugs or carbon black and are
disposed to land fills.
Pyrolysis
this method of using pressure and heat is widely used and the usual setting is at 121°C with a
pressure of 15 psi for 15-30 minutes.
Autoclave
