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PMLS P3 > TOPIC 10 > Flashcards

TOPIC 10 Flashcards

1
Q

is a set of
priorities for the efficient use of
resources; this underpins the
objectives of the Waste Avoidance
and Resource Recovery Act 2001

A

waste hierarchy

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2
Q

3 Types of waste Hierarchy

A
  1. waste procurement
  2. resource development
    3.End of pipe
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3
Q

Avoid/Prevent and
Reuse

A

Green Procurement

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4
Q

Reuse, Recycle,
Recovery

A

Resource Development

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5
Q

Treatment and Disposal

A

End of pipe

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6
Q

The most important step in the proper
management of health care wastes is

A

Waste minimization

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7
Q

Green procurement involves two aspect

A

WASTE PREVENTION/AVOIDANCE &
WASTE REDUCTION

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8
Q

highest priority and its goal is to maximize
efficiency and avoid unnecessary consumptions

A

Green Procurement

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9
Q

-The second priority
- maximizes options for REUSING,
RECYCLING & RECOVERING
WASTES

A

Resource development

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10
Q

It is implemented for wastes that can’t be
safely reused, recycled or recovered

A

End of pipe

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11
Q

Two aspects of End of pipe

A
  • Waste treatment
  • Waste disposal
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12
Q

process of changing the biological and chemical
characteristics of waste to minimize its potential to
cause harm

A

Waste Treatment

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13
Q

refers to discharging, depositing, placing or releasing
any health care waste into air-land or water.

A

Waste Disposal

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14
Q

involves measures that either completely eliminate use of a material or generate less
waste

A

Reduction at source

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15
Q

5 Principle of waste minimization

A
  • Reduction at source
    -reuse
    -recycling
  • segregation
    -composition
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16
Q

-promoting re-use entails, the selection or reusable rather
than disposable products whenever possible
– reuse also etail setting reliable standards for disinfection and
sterilization of equipment and materials use

A

Reuse

17
Q

-is collecting waste and processing it into
something new.

A

Recycling

18
Q

It minimizes the amount of waste that needs to be managed as biohazardous
or hazardous waste (since mixing non-infectious waste with infectious of hazardous waste renders the combined
amount of infectious or hazardous respectively

A

Segregation of waste

19
Q

an important strategy to minimize waste such as food discards,
kitchen waste, cardboard and yard waste

A

Composting

20
Q

7 types of methods used in treatment of healtcare waste

A
  1. pyrolysis
    2.autoclave
    3.microwave
  2. chemical disinfection
  3. biological process
  4. encapsulation
  5. internization
21
Q

-is the thermal decomposition of wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the
destruction chamber where the waste is converted into gaseous, liquid and solid form

A

Pyrolysis

22
Q

is the use of steam sterilization to render waste harmless and is an efficient wet thermal
disinfection process

A

Autoclave

23
Q

waste residues may be in the form of greasy aggregates or slugs or carbon black and are
disposed to land fills.

A

Pyrolysis

24
Q

this method of using pressure and heat is widely used and the usual setting is at 121°C with a
pressure of 15 psi for 15-30 minutes.

A

Autoclave

25
Q

Microorganisms are destroyed by moist heat which irreversibly coagulates and denatures
enzymes and structural proteins.

A

Microwave

26
Q

-chemicals like NaClO, H2O2, Peroxyacetic acid and heated alkali are added to wastes to kill or
inactivate present pathogens.

A

Chemical disenfection

27
Q

-Shredding of wastes is being done either before disinfection or after disinfection. In this process, waste
is exposed to microwave that raises the temperature to 100° (237.6°F) for at least 30 minutes

A

Microwave

28
Q

-it is recommended to use _________ NaClO for chemical disinfectant

A

5%

29
Q

uses an enzyme mixture to decontaminate wastes.

A

Biological process

30
Q

-Involves the lling of containers with waste,adding and immobilizing material and sealing
containers

A

Encapusaltion

31
Q

the process uses either cubic boxes made of high-density polyethylene or metallic drums.

A

Encapusaltion

32
Q

a process that involves mixing of the waste with cement and other substances before
disposal

A

Intertization

33
Q

This is to minimize the risks of toxic substances contained in the waste migrating into surface water
or ground water.

A

Intertization

34
Q

After treatment, this is where wastes are usually disposed

A

Landfill

35
Q

it is an engineered site designed to keep waste isolated from environment

A

Landfill

PMLS P3 (4 decks)

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