Topic 1: Treaties

Question 1

Versailles

Answer 1

June 1919
Germany
- Germany must accept total responsibility for starting the war
- 226 billion gold marks to pay
- no more than 100,000 men
- No tanks, no armored vehicles, no heavy artillery, no military, no naval air force, no submarines
- A total of 36 ships allowed in navy
- Demilitarized Rhineland
- All colonies in Africa and Eastern Asia lost
- Alsace-Lorraine given back to France
- Belgium, Denmark, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Lithuania all get part of former German Empire
- Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania become independent
- Austria and Germany can’t unite

Question 2

Saint - Germain

Answer 2

September 1919
Austria
- Austrian empire broken: Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland become independent states
- Austria becomes landlocked
- Austria and Germany may not unite

Question 3

Neuilly

Answer 3

November 1919
Bulgaria
- Bulgaria must recognize Yugoslavia’s independence
- Lost territory to Greece, Yugoslavia, and Romania

Question 4

Trianon

Answer 4

June 1920
Hungary
- Hungary must accept break with Austria
- Some territory lost to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Romania
- Hungary is now landlocked
- Lost 70% of land and >30% of people

Question 5

Sèvres

Answer 5

August 1920
Turkey
- must recognize Saudi Arabia as independent
- Lost land to Britain, France, Greece, and Italy
- Dardanelles Strait became an “international waterway”

Question 6

Lausanne

Answer 6

June 1923
Turkey
- Dardanelles Strait becomes Turkish again
- No restrictions on armed forces
- No reparation needs to be paid
- Gained back land in Europe; not in middle east