Topic 1: The Structure of DNA

Question 1

DNA encodes for what?

Answer 1

DNA encodes hereditary information in a chemical language

Question 2

What does a DNA nucleotide consist of?

Answer 2

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and base

Question 3

How do nucleotides bond?

Answer 3

Nucleotides bond between deoxyribose and phosphate (the sugar-phosphate backbone)

Question 4

How are DNA double strands held together?

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds between complimentary bases

Question 5

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Answer 5

Adenine to thymine, cytosine to guanine

Question 6

A DNA molecule is ___________

Answer 6

an antiparallel double helix

Question 7

Which carbon atoms do deoxyribose and phosphate attach to?

Answer 7

Deoxyribose - 3’ (Carbon 3)

Phosphate - 5’ (Carbon 5)

Question 8

What forms can DNA be arranged in?

Answer 8

Circular or linear

Question 9

What type of DNA do prokaryotes have?

Answer 9

Single circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids

Question 10

What type of DNA do eukaryotes have?

Answer 10

Linear chromosomes, in the nucleus

Question 11

How are the linear chromosomes of eukaryotes arranged?

Answer 11

Tightly coiled and packaged with associated proteins (histones)

Question 12

Eukaryotes contain mitochondria with what type of genetic material?

Answer 12

Circular chromosomes

Question 13

Eukaryotic plants have chloroplasts with what type of genetic material?

Answer 13

Circular chromosomes

Question 14

What type of genetic material do yeast cells have even though they are eukaryotic?

Answer 14

Contain Plasmids