Topic 1: The Heart Flashcards
What are the 3 roles of the circulatory system?
- Transports gases, nutrients, and waste material through the body
- regulates internal temp and distribution of hormones
- protects the body against disease
Main components of the circulatory system?
the heart, blood, and blood vessels
what are the 3 types of muscles?
cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle
where is the cardiac muscle found?
in the heart
how is the cardiac muscle controlled?
controlled ny the autonomic nervous system
where is the smooth muscle found?
lining of organs like stomach, uterus, esophogus, smooth muscle
where is the skeletal muscle found?
attached to bones
how is the smooth muscle controlled?
autonomic nervous system (involuntary control)
how is the skeletal muscle controlled?
systemic nervous system (voluntary control)
what are type 1 muscle fibres?
they cause slow muscle twitches, and they break down ATP slowly but efficiently for energy.
what are type 2 muscle fibres?
they cause faster muscle twitches and they break down ATP quickly but less efficiently.
where are type 1 fibres commonly found? why?
long distance runners because muscle twitches are slower so they can endure long distances without getting tired easily.
where are type 2 fibres commonly found? why?
sprinters because it has faster muscle twitches so they run faster but they cant last very long.
the heart is composed of ______ chambers. 2 _______ (top chambers) and 2________ (bottom chambers).
- atriums (atria). Ventricles.
The right atrium and ventricle handle _________ blood.
deoxygenated
the left atrium and ventricle handle _________ blood.
oxygenated
what is the function of the valves within the heart?
they ensure that blood flows in only 1 direction.
what is the function of the septum?
it prevents oxygenated blood from mixing with deoxygenated blood.
why is the muscle surrounding the left ventricle so much thinker than the muscle surrounding the right ventricle?
the left ventricle has to pump blood out to the whole body while the right only has to pump blood to the lungs.
The SA node ________ Contraction of Atria _____ AV node _____ Bundle of His _____ Purkinje fibres _____ Contraction of Ventricles.
generates electrical stimuli resulting in the - which signals the - to transmit the message through the - which leads to the.
what do P, QRS, and T represent on a topical ECG graph?
P = Contraction of Atria
QRS = Contraction of Ventricles
T = Recovery of ventricles
