Topic 1. Stoichiometric Relationships Flashcards
What are elements?
Elements are the fundamental building blocks of chemistry.
What are compounds?
Compounds are elements which have chemically bonded together.
What are mixtures?
Mixtures are substances that combine without chemical interaction, for example air.
What is the difference in properties between compounds and mixtures?
Compounds have properties that are different from that of the element it consists of. Where as mixtures retains the properties of the elements.
What is a homogenous mixture?
A mixture where the individual substances can not be seen.
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A mixture where the individual substanced can be seen.
What is going from solid to liquid called?
Melting
What is going from liquid to gas called?
Evaporating
What is going from gas to liquid called?
Condensing
What is going from liquid to solid called?
Freezing
What is going from solid to gas called?
Sublimation
What is going from gas to solid called?
Deposition
What is avogadros constant and what is it used for?
L = 6.02 · 10²³ mol⁻¹
Avogadros constant is used when converting between atoms and moles.
What is relative atomic mass?
Relative atomic mass is used to compare masses of atoms. It is based on the mean mass of all isotopes of a atom. They are all relative to 1/12 of the mass of a ¹²C atom.
What is relative molecular mass?
The relative molecular mass is all the relative atomic masses in a compound added together.
What is molar mass?
Molar mass is the same as relative molecular mass bu expressed in grams.
What is the empirical formula?
The simplest whole number ratio between atoms in a compound.
What is the molecular formula?
The actual numbers of atoms in a compound?
What is the theoretical yield?
The largest possible mass that can be formed in a chemical reaction. It i however often not produced due to impurities in the reactants.
What is the percentage yield?
The percentage yield is used to calculate how much of the theoretical yield actually was produced. This is done by dividing the experimental yield with the theoretical yield.
What are limiting reactants?
Limiting reactants are what determines the theoretical yield.
What is the ideal gas law?
pV=nRT
What is Avogadros law
Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of molecules.
What is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture, mainly refering to dissolved substances.
