topic 1- states of matter

Question 1

Arrangement of particles in a solid

Answer 1

• close together

- regular pattern

Question 2

Movement of particles in a solid

Answer 2

-vibrate about fixed positions

Question 3

Relative energy of particles in a solid

Answer 3

least stored energy, low energy

Question 4

Arrangement of particles in a liquid

Answer 4

• close together

- random

Question 5

Movement of particles in a liquid

Answer 5

-move around each other

Question 6

Relative energy of particles in a liquid

Answer 6

-medium energy

Question 7

Arrangement of particles in a gas

Answer 7

• far apart

- random

Question 8

Movement of particles in a gas

Answer 8

-fast in all directions

Question 9

Relative energy of particles in a gas

Answer 9

• most stored energy

- high energy

Question 10

name of the process from gas to liquid

Answer 10

-condensation

Question 11

name of the process from liquid to solid

Answer 11

-freezing

Question 12

name of the process from solid to liquid

Answer 12

-melting

Question 13

name of the process from liquid to gas

Answer 13

-evaporation/boiling

Question 14

name of the process from gas to solid

Answer 14

-deposition

Question 15

name of the process from solid to gas

Answer 15

-sublimation

Question 16

At its melting point, a substance begins to:

Answer 16

• melt if energy is transferred to the particles

- freeze if energy is transferred to the surroundings

Question 17

At its boiling point a substance begins to:

Answer 17

• boil if energy is transferred to the particles

- condense if energy is transferred to the surroundings

Question 18

A substance evaporates if it changes from a liquid to a gas below its boiling point:

Answer 18

• particles with high enough energy leave the surface of the liquid
• the remaining particles have less energy
• the liquid cools down unless it is heated

Question 19

what state would a substance be at below it’s melting point?

Answer 19

solid

Question 20

what state would a substance be above its boiling point?

Answer 20

gas

Question 21

what state would a substance be between its melting and boiling points?

Answer 21

liquid

Question 22

Describe in terms of the particle theory, what happens when bromine boils? ( 3 marks )

Answer 22

• forces of attraction between bromine particles are overcome and the particles move far apart.
• the particles no longer just move around each other, but move quickly in all directions