Topic 1- Similarities and Differences Among Living Organisms

Question 1

Define Metabolism

Answer 1

The combination of all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism.

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

The maintenance of internal stability by living things even when their external environment changes dramatically.

Question 3

Cell Respiration

Answer 3

Breaking nutrients into smaller units to release the chemical energy stored in them.

Question 4

Synthesis

Answer 4

Combining simple substances into complex substances.

Question 5

Excretion

Answer 5

Removing waste products from the organism.

Question 6

Which four main elements are all living things made out of?

Answer 6

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen (which combine to form molecules)

Question 7

Organelles

Answer 7

Specialized structures that most cells contain

Question 8

Tissues

Answer 8

A group of specialized cells, in multicellular organisms.

Question 9

Organ

Answer 9

Many different tissues combined

Question 10

Purpose of Cytoplasm

Answer 10

Jellylike substance inside the cell that transports materials through the cell and is the site of many chemical reactions associated with the cell’s metabolism.

Question 11

Purpose of Nucleus

Answer 11

Controls the cell’s metabolism and stores genetic information (control center as it directs the cell’s activities)

Question 12

Purpose of Vacuoles

Answer 12

Storage sacs that may contain wastes or useful materials such as water and food. Some can digest food, others pump out water. Plant cell vacuoles are a lot larger than in animal cells.

Question 13

Purpose of Ribosomes

Answer 13

Protein synthesis/creation. Either attached to the membranes of the cell or float in the cytoplasm.

Question 14

Purpose of Mitochondria

Answer 14

POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL 🔥🔥🔥🔥Contain enzymes that extract energy from nutrients. They release most of the cell’s energy.

Question 15

Purpose of Chloroplasts

Answer 15

Contain green pigment called CHLOROPHYLL (lawd yk this) which captures light energy to produce food for the plant.

Question 16

Cell Membrane

Answer 16

Made of lipids and proteins embedded, which separate the contents of the cell from the outside, control the transport of materials and respond to chemical signals. Also help in organization.

Question 18

Digestion

Answer 18

Break down of large molecules into simpler molecules.

Question 19

Respiration

Answer 19

Usage of oxygen to break down food molecules to release energy

Question 20

Excretion

Answer 20

Removal of all the waste produced by the cells of the body

Question 21

Reproduction

Answer 21

Process by which organisms produce new organisms of the same kind