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S2 GCSE Chemistry Unit 2 > Topic 1 - Reactivity Series of Metals > Flashcards

Topic 1 - Reactivity Series of Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the reaction of magnesium with steam

A

Magnesium reacts quite vigorously when heated to a white powder

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2
Q

Describe the reaction of aluminium with steam

A

Aluminium, when fresh, reacts quite vigorously

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3
Q

Describe the reaction of zinc with steam

A

Zinc reacts when heated to red-hot

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4
Q

Describe the reaction of iron with steam

A

Iron reacts slowly

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5
Q

Describe the reaction of copper with steam

A

Copper does not react with steam

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6
Q

Describe the reaction of Calcium with oxygen

A

Calcium is rapidly covered with an oxide layer and burns readily with a brick red flame when heated

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7
Q

Describe the reaction of Magnesium with oxygen

A

Magnesium has an oxide layer formed slowly when cold and burns easily with a bright light to give a white ash when heated

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8
Q

Describe the reaction of Aluminium with oxygen

A

Aluminium forms a fine oxide layer instantly when cold, making it difficult to burn, unless heated strongly in powder form

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9
Q

Describe the reaction of zinc with oxygen

A

Zinc forms an oxide layer in the cold, protecting it and making it difficult to burn unless strongly heated in powder form. It burns with a greenish flame.

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10
Q

Describe the reaction of Iron with oxygen

A

Iron reacts slowly with dry air. Heated Iron filings sparkle but do not burn.

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11
Q

Describe the reaction of Copper with oxygen

A

Copper does not react when cold but forms a black oxide layer when heated strongly. It burns with a green flame.

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12
Q

Definition of a displacement reaction of metals with other metal ions in solution

A

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution

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13
Q

What observations are associated with a displacement reaction?

A

Temperature increase
Colour change
Solid/precipitate formed
Hydrogen gas (bubbles) produced, due to the water locally boiling

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14
Q

How can we deduce the reactivity of a metal?

A

The rate of a chemical reaction involving a metal gives an indication of the reactivity of the metal

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15
Q

Why is Aluminium less reactive than expected?

A

Due to a protective oxide layer which forms readily when exposed to air, which prevents the metal from further reaction

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16
Q

Recall the reactivity series of metals.

A 
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zits
Iron
Copper
17
Q

Describe the reaction between potassium and cold water.

A

Reacts very vigorously with cold water.

Observations:

  • Lilac flame
  • K melts into a tiny ball
  • Moves/skids on surface
  • Bubbles
  • Heat released
  • K disappears at end
  • Colourless solution produced
18
Q

Write a word and symbol equation for the reaction of potassium with cold water.

A

Potassium + water –> Potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

2K(s) + 2H2O(l) –> 2KOH(aq) +H2(g)

19
Q

Describe the reaction between sodium and cold water.

A

Reacts vigorously in cold water.

Observations:

  • Na melts into a tiny ball
  • Moves/skids on surface
  • Bubbles
  • Heat released
  • Na disappears
  • Colourless solution produced
20
Q

Write a word and symbol equation for the reaction of sodium with cold water.

A

Sodium + water –> Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) –> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

21
Q

Describe the reaction between calcium and cold water.

A

Calcium reacts vigorously in cold water.

Observations:

  • Sinks then rises
  • Bubbles
  • Heat released
  • Ca disappears
  • Colourless solution with a white precipitate (due to calcium hydroxide which is only slightly soluble).
22
Q

Write a word and symbol equation for the reaction of calcium with cold water.

A

Calcium + water –> Calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) –> Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

23
Q

In these experiment with cold water and steam, how would you collect the gas produced?

A

With cold water
- Inverted boiling tube on top of an inverted filter funnel.

With steam
- Beehive shelf and gas jar.

24
Q

Describe the apparatus used when reacting a metal with cold water.

A
  • Boiling tube
  • Water
  • Hydrogen
  • Beaker
  • Filter funnel
  • Calcium (or other metal)
25
Q

Describe the apparatus used when reacting a metal with steam.

A
  • Boiling tube
  • Heat
  • Damp mineral wool
  • Metal
  • Cork
  • Delivery tube
  • Water
  • Beehive shelf
  • Trough
  • Gas jar
  • Hydrogen

S2 GCSE Chemistry Unit 2 (8 decks)

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