Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry Flashcards
Chapter 1
What is are chemical spiecies?
an atom, a molecule or an ion
What is a mole?
A moles is the amount of substances which contains the same number of chemical spicies as there are atoms in exactly 12g of the isotope carbon-12, 6.02x 10^23 atomsi
Avogado´s constant?
6.02 x 10^-23 atoms/mol (L)
relative atomic mass (Ar)?
the mass of an atom is compared with that of an atom of carbon-12. The relative atomic mass of carbon-12 is taken to be 12.
relative molecular mass (Mr)?
the sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in the molecular formula.
empirical formula?
empirical formula gives the ratio of the atoms of different elements in a compound. Expressed as its simplest ratio.
molecular formula?
molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule.
theoretical yield?
theoretical yield = moles of limiting reagent / molecular weight of the product
Simplified it means how much product can be produced under ideal conditions with the given amounts of the reactands.
limiting reactant?
The reactant in a chemical reaction that limits the amount of product that can be formed. The reaction will stop when all of the limiting reactant is consumed.
Avogado´s law?
States that under equal conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain an equal number of molecules. IDEAL GAS.
ideal gas equation?
PV=nRT The ideal gas law is state all collision between molecules or atoms when they are perfectly elastic and no other intermolecular forces are presented
Solute?
A substance dissolved in another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount.(A solute is the solid that is dissolved in a liquid)
solvent solute?
The solvent is the liquid in which something is dissolved in.
concentration?
the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture,chemical mixture, in dm^-3
the mole formular
Number of particles = number of moles x 6.02x10^23
