TOPIC 1 Midterm Flashcards
used to determine the character,
location, and frequency of bowel sounds
Auscultation
heard about every 5 to 20 seconds
Normal sounds
One or two sounds in 2 minutes
Hypoactive
five to six sounds heard in less than 30 seconds
Hyperactive
no sounds in 3 to 5 minutes are frequently used in
documentation
Absent
To assess the size and density of the abdominal organs and to detect the presence of air-filled, fluid-filled, or solid masses
Percussion
liver, solid organs
Dullness
stomach (presence of air)
Tymphany
3 types of percussion
Direct, indirect, blant
appropriate for identifying areas of tenderness
Light palpation
used to identify masses
Deep palpation
most common type of fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
Guaic test
type of Nuclear Medicine testing that uses a radioactive material to determine the structure of the liver, gallbladder and biliary ducts
Hepatobiliary Scan with CCK
hormone typically released by the body after a meal
CCK (Cholecystokinin)
testing the concentration of glucose in the blood
Blood glucose monitoring
Normal value of blood glucose
80-120 mg/dl
procedure that examines the esophagus, stomach and first portion of the duodenum (small intestine) using a long flexible tube with a camera at the end of it.
Esophagogastroduodenescopy (EGD)
procedure to diagnose and treat problems in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas. It combines X-ray and the use of an endoscope—a long, flexible, lighted tube.
Endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreatography (ERCP)
to find out the cause of a blockage in your bile duct
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)
procedure in which a small needle is inserted into the liver to collect a tissue sample
Liver biopsy
Persistent abnormal liver blood tests
Liver enzymes
Unexplained yellowing of the skin
Jaundice
life-threatening abdominal emergency that remains a common cause of hospitalization
Acute GI Bleeding
collection of pus or infected fluid that is surrounded by inflamed tissue inside the belly. It can involve any abdominal organ or it can settle in the folds of the bowel
Intra-abdominal abscess
affect all body systems, most notably the cardiac, respiratory, renal, and neurologic systems.
Hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome
Hallmark sysmptoms of ACS
Pain, pareshesia, poikilothermia, pulselessness, pallor, paralysis
inflammatory condition of the pancreas that is painful and at times deadly
Acute pancreatitis
specializing in the treatment of obesity
Bariatric
acute, major, life-threatening complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and ketonuria
Diabetic ketoacidosis
refers to high levels of sugar, or glucose, in
the blood.
Hyperglycemia
clinical condition that arises from a complication of diabetes mellitus
Hyperosmolar non ketotic acidosis
fluid that patient have to put back to a former or original state.
Volume restoration
flexible plastic tube inserted through the nostrils, down the nasopharynx, and into the stomach or the
upper portion of the small intestine
Nasogastric suction tubes
control of active variceal bleeding comes as a last resort when other forms of therapy are not available or fail to achieve hemostasis.
Esophagogastric balloon tamponade
reconstruction consists of a gastroduodenostomy
Billroth I
reconstruction consists of a gastrojejunostomy
Billroth II
procedure that may be used to reduce portal hypertension
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
surgical procedure that removes a liver that no longer functions properly
Liver transplantation
used to replenish electrolytes in body fluids, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, chloride and bicarbonate.
Electrolyte replacement
process of fast restoring lost water (dehydration) to the body tissues and fluids
Rapid hydration
rehydration can be:
Oral route or intravenous administration
well-known natural treatment for diarrhea
Ginger
known to help relieve gastrointestinal (GI) irritation
Phenolic compounds
