Topic 1 Key Concepts Flashcards
Organisms can be prokaryotes or ______
Eukaryotes
How many cells does a prokaryote have?
One because it is a single celled organism
What is the role of the nucleus
Contains genetic material that controls cells activities.
What is the role of the cytoplasm
A gel like substance where most chemical reactions happen. It also contains enzymes that control the reactions.
What is the role of the cell membrane
Holds the cell together and controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the role of the mitochondria
This is where most of the aerobic respiration reactions take place.
What does respiration do?
Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.
What are ribosomes?
Ribosomes are involved in translation of genetic material in the synthesis of proteins.
Do bacteria cells have a nucleus ?
No
What do multicellular organism contain
Different types of cells
What are the names of things of an microscope
Objective lens
Clip
Stage
Light
Eyepiece lens
Small and large adjustment knob
What is the equation for total magnification
Total magnification = eyepiece lens magnification x. Objective lens magnification
What is the equation for magnification
Magnification = image size / real size
What does the cell membrane do
Controls what enters and leaves the cell and separates one cell from another
What is the cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a jelly like substance where most of the cells activities occur
What is are mitochondrion’s
Jelly bean shaped structures in which aerobic respiration occurs
What does the cytoplasm contain and what are they ?
Ribosomes which make new proteins for a cell
What is the nucleus and what is inside it ?
The nucleus controls the cell and it’s activities. Inside it are chromosomes, which contain DNA.
What is the plasmid
A small loop of DNA that is separate from the main genetic information
What is role of the large circular loop of DNA
Contains mist if the genetic material in a bacterium
What is in the chloroplast
Chlorophyll that absorbs light for photosynthesis
What does the large vacuole store ?
Water and minerals
What is the role of the flagellum
To help bacteria move
What structure is found in animals cells from this list:
Flagellum, cell wall , Cytoplasm and chloroplast
Cytoplasm
How is plant cell different from a bacterial cell
A plant cell has a nucleus
Which cell structures are found in plant, animal and bacterial cells ?
Cell membrane , cytoplasm and ribosomes
Egg cells and sperm cells
What some characteristics that only egg cells have?
Large nutrient store
Cell membrane that hardens after fertilisation
Egg cells and sperm cells
What some characteristics that only sperm cells have
Tail
Acrosome which contains enzymes
Large number of mitochondria
What some characteristics that both egg and sperm cells have
Haploid nucleus
Cytoplasm
True or false
The sperm celll has a haploid nucleus contains one set of genetic material
True
How many chromosomes are in a single human sperm cell
23
Why is the egg so much larger that the sperm cell
The egg cell caries a large nutrient store
