First Test Flashcards
Advantages of using an electron microscope
Higher magnifications and resolution
What is the role of the nucleus
Controls the cell and it’s activities
Role of the cell membrane
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Role of the mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration occurs
Role of the vacuole
Stores cell sap keeping the cell firm and rigid
Cell wall
Supports and protects the cell
What is the role of chloroplast
Contains chlorophyll which traps energy transferred from the sun
What is the role of ribosomes
Makes new proteins
What is the order of measurements
Nm, um, mm, m, km
How do you calculate magnification
Image size/ object size
What is diffusion
When particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
If something doesn’t require energy it is called
Passive
Are diffusion, osmosis and active transport passive
Diffusion and osmosis is but active transport isn’t as it requires energy
What is osmosis
The diffusion of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is active transport
The movement of substances from an are of low concentration to high. During active transport carriers in the cell membrane get particles and move them against the concentration gradient.
What are the 3 main types of digestive enzymes
Carbohydrase, protease and lipase
What does carbohydrase do
Break carbohydrates into smaller sugar
What does protease do
Break protein into amino acids
What does lipase do
Break fat into fatty acids and glycerol
What are proteins made up of and what do they break down into
They are made up of amino acids and break down into smaller peptides and individual amino acids
What can amino acids be used for
Growth and repair
What does amylase do
Break down starch into smaller molecules (maltose). Maltose cab be converted into glucose by another enzyme Maltese in the small intestine
What are enzymes
Biological catalysts that speed up the reaction time without being used yo in the reaction
How do you calculate the percentage change in mass
(Final mass- initial mass) ÷ initial mass x 100
