Topic 1 - ionic bonding Flashcards
Why do elements bond together?
Metals lose electrons, and become a positively charged ion
Non-Metals gain electrons, and become a negatively charged ion
This is called an ionic bond
They all end up with a full outer shell of electrons (like the Noble Gases (Group 0))
They are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction (opposite charges attract)
Positive Sodium ion
Sodium loses an electron to form a sodium ion
A sodium ion is positive
A sodium ion has the same
electronic structure as neon
Negative chlorine ion
Chlorine gains an electron to form a negative chlorine ion
A chorine ion is negative
A chorine ion has the same electronic structure as argon
what holds ionic compounds together?
Electrostatic forces of attraction
Ionic radius
This is the radius of an ion
Atoms have different sizes depending on the number of electrons, and hence electron shells
What happens to the radii as you go down a group?
it gets smaller
How will ionic radii affect the strength of an ionic bond?
Larger ion, weaker bond
Why?
Ions are further away in the ionic lattice so the attraction is weaker
How will the charge on an ion affect the strength of an ionic bond?
The bigger the charge the stronger the ionic bond
Why?
Greater attraction
uses of magnesium chloride
fertiliser
spa treatment
ice control
dust control
