Topic 1 - Health Priorities Flashcards
Agencies responsible for collecting and processing health data
Include the department of health and ageing, state teritory health agencies, the Australian bureau of statistics, the Australian institute of health and welfare and Medicare
Health status
Can be measured using positive aspects of health such as wellbeing and health determinants as well as negative aspects like illness and disease
Health indicators
Including life expectancy, mortality, morbidity and infant mortality are used to measure health status
Epidemiology
Is used to identify patterns of disease and inform Heath decision makers
Injuries
Are the major cause of death for people up to age 44 years
Patterns of health
Are significantly different for between males and females and between indigenous Australians and the rest of the Australians population
Epidemiology role
Informs us about patterns of disease within populations and groups, the benefit of interventions, the application of research findings and the performance of the health system
Epidemiology info
Can be used by a range of agencies including governments, doctors, educators and other health professionals
The gap in infant mortality
Has closed between the indigenous and non-indigenous rates in recent years
ATSI
Experience Lower health status as a result of higher levels of disability and lower quality life. Socioeconomic disadvantage, poor quality housing, unemployment and low educational attainment….poor standard of Health
Exposure to risk factors
Such as Tabacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, overweight and obesity, poor nutrition, physical inactivity and violence all contribute to the poor level of ATSI health
Australian government
Collects information about the health of the population to use as evidence for making decisions about how to set priorities and spend the budget
Mortality
The measure of the number of deaths in a giving population
Morbidity
The incidence of disease: the rage of sickness (specified in a community or group)
Infant mortality
The annual deaths per 1000 births (younger then aged 1)
Life expectancy
The number of years remaining in ones life
Identifying health priority issues
SCP123
Social justice principles, costs to individual, costs to community, prevalence of condition, potential or prevention and early intervention, priority population groups
Groups experiencing health inequities
ATSI, SED, people living in remote & rural areas, overseas born people, the aged, people with disabilities
Sociocultural determinants of health
Include: family, peers, media, religion, culture
Socioeconomic determinants of health
Include: employment, education and income
Environmental determinants of health
Include: geographical location and access to health services and technology
Inequities exist in terms of…
- The unequal distribution of some illnesses and conditions throughout a population (genders, different cultures)
- The injury impact on the health status of some groups due to social, economic, cultural, environmental factors such as income and availability of transport
SED nature & extent
Higher diabetes levels Higher CVD levels Higher asthma Higher mental issues Higher smoking rates Less consumption of fruit & veg Higher obesity rates Higher physical inactivity Poorer education Less use of preventative measures
Government roles in addressing health inequities- ATSI
Office of ATSI - brings greater focus to delivery of mainstream health services provides grants over 200 organisations
National ATSI community controlled health - agency works with families, housing, communities to improve ATSI health
Community roles in addressing health inequities- ATSI
Agencies working to improve the health of ATSI, aims for stronger delivery of healthcare and ensuring sustainability, helps deliver holistic, comprehensive and culturally appropriate healthcare, large healthcare centres providing many trained staff ( for ATSI)
Individual roles in addressing health of ATSI
Strong focus in ATSI health services to provide and support as well as skills, particularly aboriginal mothers
Preventable chronic disease, injury & mental health problems
CVD, cancer (skin,lung,breast), diabetes type 1&2, respiratory disease, injury, mental health illnesses
Th nature of CVD
CVD has been identified as a health priority because it is a major health and economic burden on Australia. It is one of the leading causes of sickness and death
Coronary heart disease
The poor supply of blood to the muscular walls of the heart by its own blood supply vessels, the Coronary arteries
Stroke
The interruption of the supply of blood to the brain
Major risk factors that can be reduced for CVD
Smoking Raised blood fat levels High blood pressure Obesity and overweight conditions Abdominal obesity Physical inactivity
Groups at risk of developing CVD
Smokers Family history of CVD People with high blood cholesterol levels People with high fat diets People over the age of 65 People who are SED
Nature and extent of cancer
The uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal body cells. It involved a mutation and is believe to originate form a single cell whose genetic material has been ages by a foreign agent
The extent of cancer in Australia
The prevalence of cancer in Australia is increasing in both sexes. One in 3 males and one an 4 females will develop cancer before the age of 85
The incidence of cancer
Increasing incidence in both sexes, increases in prostate and breast cancer
Ottawa charter 5 action areas
Building healthy pub policy Crest supportive environment Strengthen community actions Develop personal skills Reorient health services
Social justice principles
Equity
Diversity
Supporting environment
