Topic 1 - Elements and Periodic table

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

building blocks of matter, smallest particle that can exist and still be a substance have a nucleus and an electron cloud

Question 2

Elements

Answer 2

materials that contain just one type of atom

Question 3

Compounds

Answer 3

materials that contain different types of atoms 2 or more different types of atoms bonded together in a fixed ratio.

Question 4

mass number

Answer 4

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. A

Question 5

Atomic number

Answer 5

the number of protons and electrons in the nucleus of an atom. = z

Question 6

Nucleons

Answer 6

the subatomic particles that make up the nucleus - protons and neutrons.

Question 7

Periodic Table - Group

Answer 7

Verticle

Question 8

Periodic Table - Period

Answer 8

Horizontal

Question 9

Electrostatic attraction

Answer 9

the positive and negative charges are attracted to each other

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

same protons, different neutrons,

Question 11

Ions

Answer 11

Cations (positive), Anions, lose=+, gain=-. number then charge

Question 12

Emission Spectra

Answer 12

heat provides energy, the electrons become excited and then the electrons can jump into different shells

Question 13

How many lines would arise if an electron jumped to the third excited state

Answer 13

6

Question 14

What type of transition results in an emission spectrum

Answer 14

electrons transition from high to low energy

Question 15

How to tell the max electrons in each shell

Answer 15

2n^2, n = shell number

Question 16

Bohr’s theory proposed that…

Answer 16

electrons move around the nucleus in fixed orbits, each of which has a different energy level

Question 17

what is required for an electron in an atom to move from a lower energy to a higher energy level?

Answer 17

absorption of energy

Question 18

what happens when an election returns to a lower level

Answer 18

it releases photos as it returns to its ground state

Question 19

what is responsible for the colour released

Answer 19

metals

Question 20

Why only one ground state

Answer 20

Most stable, their normal energy levels

Question 21

emission definition

Answer 21

elements releasing different photos of colour as electrons go back down to ground state

Question 22

which electrons are likely to be excited in a flame test first

Answer 22

Valence electrons - held so losely

Question 23

the electron configuration of excited sodium (11)

Answer 23

2, 8, 0, 1

Question 24

how does a spectroscope work

Answer 24

it uses diffraction to separate the different colours of light

Question 25

isotopes are…

Answer 25

radioactive, unstable, different physical properties but same chemical properties

Question 26

how many times larger is the atom compared to its nucleus

Answer 26

10,000 - 100,000 times

Question 27

what form of energy is emitted when an electron moves from a higher energy shell to a lower energy shell

Answer 27

as coloured light or electromagnetic radiation

Question 28

Atomic Theory

Answer 28

atoms are not indivisible or indestructible, they are made of even smaller subatomic particles