Topic 1 (data test)

Question 1

What is the symbol for the quantity, name of the unit and symbol of the unit for length

Answer 1

Symbol Quantaty = L
Name of Unit = metre
Symbol of Unit = m

Question 2

What is the symbol, name of the unit and symbol of the unit for mass

Answer 2

Symbol Quantity = m
Name of Unit = kilogram
Symbol of Unit = kg

Question 3

What is the symbol, name of the unit and symbol of the unit for time

Answer 3

Symbol Quantity = t
Name of Unit = second
Symbol of Unit = s

Question 4

What is the symbol, name of the unit and symbol of the unit for electric current

Answer 4

Symbol Quantity = I
Name of Unit = ampero
Symbol of Unit = A

Question 5

What is the symbol, name of the unit and symbol of the unit for temperature

Answer 5

Symbol Quantaty = T
Name of Unit = kelvin
Symbol of Unit = K

Question 6

What is accuracy?

Answer 6

Results are close to the true or theoretical value

Question 7

What is precision?

Answer 7

If there are consistent data results across multiple trials

Question 8

What is validity (valid)?

Answer 8

Results have been collected using appropriate procedures

Question 9

What is it if an experiment is reliable

Answer 9

If multiple trials are conducted in a similar way - the final result or (calculated average) is likely to be reliable

Question 10

What are the three types of errors

Answer 10

Random errors
Systematic errors
Percentage errors

Question 11

What is a random error

Answer 11

It cannot be predicted since its random

Question 12

What is a systematic error

Answer 12

Consistent results in a measured or calculated value that is either to low or high

Question 13

What is a percentage error %

Answer 13

How far the experimental value is from the true or theoretical value in a percentage

Question 14

What is absolute uncertainty

Answer 14

Indicates a range of possible values
- (Reading e.x. thermometer = plus or minus 0.5C)
- (Measurement e.x. ruler = +- 1mm)

Question 15

What is the kinetic particle model

Answer 15

A model in which matter is made up of small particles that are constantly moving

Question 16

Explain a solid

Answer 16

Has a fixed shape and volume but is able to vibrate in place

Question 17

Explain a liquid

Answer 17

Has a fixed volume but variable shape (overcomes forces and moves) - fits it’s container

Question 18

Explain a gas

Answer 18

Has no fixed shape or volume (moves at random directions at high speeds)

Question 19

What is temperature and how does it transfer

Answer 19

The average amount of kinetic energy in a substance

Moves from a hotter substance to cooler to reach thermal equilibrium (particles with lots of energy to those we less when colliding with each other)

Question 20

What is internal energy

Answer 20

The total potential energy and kinetic energy of the particles in a system

Question 21

Explain conduction (how it transfers heat)

Answer 21

Particles of matter transfer heat when in direct contact since they vibrate against another

Occurs through particle collisions where no transfer of physical matter is done

Question 22

What is a conductor

Answer 22

Allows heat to move through it

Question 23

Explain convection and how it works

Answer 23

It is heat transfer from one location to another by movement of fluids (gas or liquid)
Substances in hot areas are less dense than substances in cold places or particles

Question 24

Explain radiation

Answer 24

Tranfer of heat by means of electromagnetic waves since any particle with heat will vibrate, creating EM waves
Thermal energy
When these waves encounter matter, radiant energy will cause the atoms to vibrate tranforming EM energy to heat energy

• Does not need particle contact and occurs within vaccums

Question 25

What is the value to convert kelvins and celcius

Answer 25

273

Question 26

When does a change of temperature occur

Answer 26

When system absorbs/loses heat, avergae kinetic energy of particle changes (unless when changiong state/phase)

Question 27

What is specific heat capacity

Answer 27

How easily a substance changes temperature 'How much energy is required to change 1kg of a substance by 1K

Question 28

What does watts equal

Answer 28

W = Joules/Second

Question 29

What is the change of state

Answer 29

Breaking or the making of intermoleculer bonds, where energy is given to change the bonds instead of kinetic energy, thus no temp change

Question 30

What is the latent heat called between solids and liquids

Answer 30

Latent heat of fusion

Question 31

What is the latent heat called between liquids and gases

Answer 31

latent heat of vaporisation

Question 32

What is it called when something changes from solid to a gas

Answer 32

Sublimation

Question 33

What is it called when something changes from a gas to a solid

Answer 33

Deposition

Question 34

What is equilibrium regarding heat

Answer 34

Occurs when objects are at the same temp (-q lost = q gain

Question 35

What is an open system

Answer 35

Both energy and mass go in and out

Question 36

What is a closed system

Answer 36

No mass in/out but energy does change

Question 37

What is an isolated system

Answer 37

No energy or mass in/out

Question 38

What is thermal energy?

Answer 38

Internal energy present in a system due to it's temperature

Question 39

WHat is thermal equilibrium

Answer 39

No net exchange of thermal energy between any of it's componenets

Question 40

What is the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 40

The transfer of enegry from a system with a higher temp to a system with a lower temperature until thermal equilibrium is eached If two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are also in equilibrium with each other.

Question 41

What is calorimetry

Answer 41

The measuring of heat absorbed or released in chemical reactions

Question 42

What is mechanical work

Answer 42

'Work' is the energy's interaction between the system and it's surroundings

Question 43

What is the work force equation

Answer 43

W = Fs W = work (joules) F = force (Newtons) s = displacement (metres)

Question 44

What is the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 44

When energy passes as work or heat, into or out of a system, the system's internal energy changes in ccordance with the law of conservation of energy

Question 45

Thermal equilibrium greaph rate of change vs difference?

Answer 45

Bigger difference in temp, the greater the rate of temp change, the lower the difference the decreased rate of change (asymptote)

Question 46

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 46

The total energy of an isolated system in a given time frame of reference remains constant over time

Question 47

What are the symbols when thermal energyu is added to the system and removed/wasted

Answer 47

thermal added --> +Q thermal removed/wasted --> -Q

Question 48

What are the symbols when work is done by or on the system

Answer 48

done on --> +W done by --> -W

Question 49

What is thermal efficiency

Answer 49

The amount of useful energy output or energy lost to the surroundings Efficiency of a heat engine measured by the ratio of the work done by it to the heat supplied to it

Question 50

Thermal efficiency equation?

Answer 50

n = energy_output/energy_input * 100%

Question 51

What is conservation of energy equation

Answer 51

change in U = Q + W U = internal energy Q = heat added to system W = work done on system

Question 52

Define energy?

Answer 52

Energy is the capacity to do work. The higher the energy content the greater the impact when it is transformed or transferred

Question 53

Define heat?

Answer 53

Heat is energy in the process of being transferred from one place to another due to their temperature difference.

Question 54

What is the work-energy principle?

Answer 54

the amount of work done on an object or system will equal the change in kinetic energy for that object or system.