Topic 1: Circulatory System

Question 1

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• Consist of;
• Blood- a connective tissue
• Blood Vessels- the tubes that transport the blood
• Heart- to pump the blood around the body

Answer 1

FUNCTION

• Transporting substances around the body including oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products and water.
• Controlling body temperature.
• Protecting the body with antibodies that fight infections and clotting agents to stop bleeding.

Question 2

BLOOD

• The space and liquid inside the blood vessels is called the lumen.
• Can be oxygenated or deoxygenated blood.
• Blood is made up of;
• Plasma- liquid components of blood (95% water)
• Red blood cells- carry oxygen
• White blood cells- defence
• Platletes- help coagulate blood if cut
• Plasma protein

Answer 2

BLOOD VESSELS
- 3 different types;
* Arteries- carry blood away from the heart
(thick outer wall, think inner layer, narrow lumen)
* Veins- carry blood to the heart
(thin outer wall, thin inner layer, wide lumen)
* Capillaries- allow exchange of material
(one cell think therefore large surface area)
DRAW DIAGRAMS

Question 3

EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS
- Materials include but are not limited to;
* Oxygen
* Carbon Dioxide
* Glucose
DRAW DIAGRAM

Answer 3

STRUCTURE

• Path taken from heart-tissue-heart is called circulation.
• Two types;
• Pulmonary circulation- to lungs and back
• Systemic circulation- to body tissue and back

Question 4

THE DOUBLE CIRCULATION SYSTEM

• The pulmonary circulation carries;
• deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs through the Pulmonary Artery
• oxygenated blood back from the lungs to the heart through the Pulmonary Vein

Answer 4

• The systemic circulation carries;
• oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the Aorta
• deoxygenated blood back to the heart through the Vena Cava
  DRAW DIAGRAM

Question 5

VALVES

• Blood always travels in one direction controlled by 4 valves.
• Atrioventricular- Prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle from the atrium
• Semilunar- Prevents blood from flowing back into the heart

Answer 5

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