Topic 1 (characteristics of living organisms) / Topic 2 (cells and organisation)

Question 1

what stands for MRS C GREN?

Answer 1

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Control, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition

Question 2

what does movement mean?

Answer 2

an action made by an organism or part of it, causing a change of position or place

Question 3

what does respiration mean?

Answer 3

the release of energy within a cell by the breakdown of food substances for all life processes

Question 4

what does sensitivity mean?

Answer 4

the ability to be sensitive and respond to changes in the surroundings

Question 5

what does control mean?

Answer 5

the ability to maintain their internal conditions within a narrow range (e.g. adjusting temperature)

Question 6

what does growth mean?

Answer 6

Increase in size and mass by increasing the number of cells

Question 7

what does reproduction mean?

Answer 7

production of new organisms

Question 8

what does excretion mean?

Answer 8

removal of metabolic waste substances produced by chemical reactions in cells

Question 9

what does nutrition mean?

Answer 9

the need to take in food for nutrition and energy.

Question 10

what is a cell?

Answer 10

the structural, functional and biological unit of all living things

Question 11

what is a tissue?

Answer 11

a group of cells that have a similar structure and that function together as a unit

Question 12

what is an organ?

Answer 12

a part of the body that perform a specific function. made up of tissues

Question 13

what is an organ system?

Answer 13

a group of organs that work together to perform a complex function. (e.g. digestive system)

Question 14

what is an organism

Answer 14

any living thing

Question 15

what is an organelle

Answer 15

a structure that has a specific function in the cell

Question 16

the organelles in an animal cell

Answer 16

nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, ribosome, cytoplasm

Question 17

the 3 extra organelles in an plant cell

Answer 17

cell wall, chloroplast, permanent vacuole

Question 18

function of nucleus

Answer 18

the cell’s control centre; carries the genetic information

Question 19

function of mitochondria

Answer 19

contains the enzymes for respiration. generates the energy needed to power cells

Question 20

function of cell membrane

Answer 20

regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell; keeps the cell together

Question 21

function of ribosome

Answer 21

protein synthesis

Question 22

function of cytoplasm

Answer 22

where many of the chemical reaction happen.

Question 23

function of cell wall

Answer 23

provide structure and protection for the cell

Question 24

function of chloroplast

Answer 24

photosynthesis occurs here. contains chlorophyll

Question 25

function of permanent vacuole

Answer 25

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell swollen.