Topic 1 - Cell Biology

Question 1

What is a Eukaryote?

What is a prokaryote?

Answer 1

A eukaryote is a multi-cellular organism

A prokaryote is a single-cellular organism

Question 2

Name 5 similarities between plant and animal cells?

Answer 2

Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes

Question 3

Name 3 differences that plant cells have?

Answer 3

Cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts

Question 4

What don’t bacteria cells have that animal and plant cells do have?

Answer 4

A true nucleus (instead they have a single strand of DNA), they don’t have chloroplasts or a mitochondria

Question 5

What is the equation for magnification?

Answer 5

magnification = image size/real size

Question 6

What is differentiation?

Answer 6

A process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job

Question 7

What are sperm cells specialised for?
What’s their function?
What special qualities do they have?

Answer 7

Reproduction
Get the male DNA to the female DNA
Long tail and streamline head for speed, enzyme filled head to digest egg cell membrane, lots of mitochondria

Question 8

What are nerve cells specialised for?
What’s their function?
What special qualities do they have?

Answer 8

Rapid signalling
Send an electrical signal from one part of the body to another
Their long and have dendrites on the end to attach to others which creates a network of through the body

Question 9

What are muscle cells specialised for?
What’s their function?
What special qualities do they have?

Answer 9

Contraction
To contract quickly
Long to have space to contract and has lots of mitochondria for energy