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Health and Human Development > TOPIC 1 > Flashcards

TOPIC 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the determinants of health?

A
  1. Biologicial
  2. Behavioural
  3. Physical
  4. Social
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2
Q

What are examples of BIOLOGICAL determinants?

A
  1. Genetics
  2. Hormones
  3. Body Weight
  4. Blood Cholesterol
  5. Glucose Regulation
  6. Blood Pressure
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3
Q

What are examples of BEHAVIOURAL determinants?

A
  1. Dietary Behaviours
  2. Drug Misuse
  3. Alchohol Consumption
  4. Physical Activity
  5. Risk Taking Behaviours
  6. Vaccinations
  7. Sexual Behaviour
  8. Tobacco Smoking
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4
Q

What are examples of PHYSICAL determinants?

A
  1. Work Environment
  2. Urban Design and Infrastructure
  3. Air Quality
  4. Climate and Climate Change
  5. Housing
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5
Q

What are examples of SOCIAL determinants?

A
  1. Socio Economic Status
  2. Employment/unemployment
  3. Social Exclusion
  4. Social Isolation
  5. Stress
  6. Food Security
  7. Early Life Experiences
  8. Access to Healthcare
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6
Q

What are PROTECTIVE factors?

A

Aspects of a person’s personality an environment that act to protect their health.

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7
Q

What are RISK factors?

A

Factors that are determinant to health

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8
Q

In what ways is HEALTH STATUS measured?

A
  1. Life Expectancy
  2. Morbidity
  3. Mortality
  4. Burden of Disease
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9
Q

What is the formula for SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS?

A

Income + Education + Occupation = Socioeconomic status

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10
Q

Define BURDEN OF DISEASE.

A
  • measure of impact of disease and injuries
  • measures gap between current health status and ideal situation
  • everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability
  • measured in DALY’s
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11
Q

Define DALY’S.

A
  • measure of BOD
  • 1 DALY = 1 year of healthy life lost to premature death
  • time lived with disease or disability
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12
Q

How are DALY’S measured?

A

YLL + YLD = DALY’s

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13
Q

Define HALE.

A
  • measure of BOD
  • based on LE at birth
  • includes adjustment for time spent in poor health
  • number of years spent in full health person can expect to live
  • based on current rates of ill health and mortality
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14
Q

Define HEALTH STATUS.

A
  • individuals or populations overall health

- taking into account various aspects such as LE, amount of disability, levels of disease risk factors

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15
Q

Define INCIDENCE.

A

the number or rate of new cases of a disease during a specified period of time (usually 12 months).

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16
Q

Define LIFE EXPECTANCY.

A
  • indication of how long a person can expect to live

- number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.

17
Q

Define MENTAL HEALTH.

A
  • state of wellbeing
  • individual realises his or her own abilities
  • cope with normal stresses of life
  • work productively and fruitfully
  • make a contribution to his or her own community
18
Q

Define MORBIDITY.

A

Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in an population

19
Q

Define MORTALITY.

A

Refers to levels of death in a population

20
Q

Define MORTALITY RATE.

A

the measure or proportion of a population who die in a one-year period.

21
Q

Define PHYSICAL HEALTH.

A
  • relates to efficient functioning of the body and its systems
  • includes the physical capacity to perform its tasks and physical fitness
22
Q

Define PREVALENCE.

A

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

23
Q

Define SOCIAL HEALTH.

A
  • being able to interact with others

- participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.

24
Q

Define U5MR.

A

the number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1,000 live births

25
Q

Define YLD.

A

a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability

26
Q

Define YLL.

A

a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

Health and Human Development (3 decks)

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