TOPIC 1 Flashcards
What are the determinants of health?
- Biologicial
- Behavioural
- Physical
- Social
What are examples of BIOLOGICAL determinants?
- Genetics
- Hormones
- Body Weight
- Blood Cholesterol
- Glucose Regulation
- Blood Pressure
What are examples of BEHAVIOURAL determinants?
- Dietary Behaviours
- Drug Misuse
- Alchohol Consumption
- Physical Activity
- Risk Taking Behaviours
- Vaccinations
- Sexual Behaviour
- Tobacco Smoking
What are examples of PHYSICAL determinants?
- Work Environment
- Urban Design and Infrastructure
- Air Quality
- Climate and Climate Change
- Housing
What are examples of SOCIAL determinants?
- Socio Economic Status
- Employment/unemployment
- Social Exclusion
- Social Isolation
- Stress
- Food Security
- Early Life Experiences
- Access to Healthcare
What are PROTECTIVE factors?
Aspects of a person’s personality an environment that act to protect their health.
What are RISK factors?
Factors that are determinant to health
In what ways is HEALTH STATUS measured?
- Life Expectancy
- Morbidity
- Mortality
- Burden of Disease
What is the formula for SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS?
Income + Education + Occupation = Socioeconomic status
Define BURDEN OF DISEASE.
- measure of impact of disease and injuries
- measures gap between current health status and ideal situation
- everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability
- measured in DALY’s
Define DALY’S.
- measure of BOD
- 1 DALY = 1 year of healthy life lost to premature death
- time lived with disease or disability
How are DALY’S measured?
YLL + YLD = DALY’s
Define HALE.
- measure of BOD
- based on LE at birth
- includes adjustment for time spent in poor health
- number of years spent in full health person can expect to live
- based on current rates of ill health and mortality
Define HEALTH STATUS.
- individuals or populations overall health
- taking into account various aspects such as LE, amount of disability, levels of disease risk factors
Define INCIDENCE.
the number or rate of new cases of a disease during a specified period of time (usually 12 months).
Define LIFE EXPECTANCY.
- indication of how long a person can expect to live
- number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
Define MENTAL HEALTH.
- state of wellbeing
- individual realises his or her own abilities
- cope with normal stresses of life
- work productively and fruitfully
- make a contribution to his or her own community
Define MORBIDITY.
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in an population
Define MORTALITY.
Refers to levels of death in a population
Define MORTALITY RATE.
the measure or proportion of a population who die in a one-year period.
Define PHYSICAL HEALTH.
- relates to efficient functioning of the body and its systems
- includes the physical capacity to perform its tasks and physical fitness
Define PREVALENCE.
The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Define SOCIAL HEALTH.
- being able to interact with others
- participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.
Define U5MR.
the number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1,000 live births
Define YLD.
a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability
Define YLL.
a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
