PROMOTING HEALTH IN AUS Flashcards
What is the BIOMEDICAL MODEL OF HEALTH?
- focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness
- medical model of care practised by docs and health profess
- associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure
Examples of the BIOMEDICAL MODEL.
- stitches to assist the healing of a cut
- chemotherapy to treat cancer
- X-rays to diagnose fractures
Advantages of the BIOMEDICAL MODEL.
- creates advances in technology and research
- extends life expectancy
- improves quality of life
Disadvantaged of the BIOMEDICAL MODEL
- relies on professional health workers
- doesn’t always promote good health
- affordability – not accessible to all
What is the SOCIAL MODEL OF HEALTH?
- a conceptual framework within which improvements in health and wellbeing are achieved
- directing effort towards addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health
- based on the understanding that in order to achieve health gains, social, economic and environmental determinants must be addressed
Principles of the SOCIAL MODEL OF HEALTH
A - addressed the broader determinants of health R - reduces social inequities E - empowers individuals and communities A- acts to enable access to healthcare S - intersectorical collaboration
Advantages of the SOCIAL MODEL OF HEALTH.
- promotes good health
- assists in preventing diseases
- relatively inexpensive
Disadvantages of the SOCIAL MODEL OF HEALTH
- not every condition can be prevented
- does not address the concerns of individuals
- health promotion messages may be ignored
What is the OTTAWA CHARTER?
- written in 1986 by the WHO
- outline action to achieve health for all by the year 2000 and beyond
- used to develop strategies to promote health
What are the 5 action areas of the OTTAWA CHARTER?
B - buidling a healthy public policy C - creating supportive environments S - strength community action D - develop personal skills R - reorient health services
What are the 3 strategies of the OTTAWA CHARTER?
E - enable
M - mediate
A - advocate
What is VICHEALTH?
- the peak body for health promotion in Victoria
- victorian funded government body that works with organisations, communities to promote health and prevent illness.
Missions of VICHEALTH
P - promote fairness and opportunity for better health
R - recognise that the social and economic conditions for all people influence their health
I - in partnership with others, promote good health
S - support initiatives that assist individuals, communities, workplaces and broader security to improve wellbeing
S - seek to prevent chronic condition for all Victorians
Strategic Priorities of VICHEALTH.
P - promote healthy eating E - encourage regular physical activity P - prevent tobacco use P - prevent harm from alcohol I - improve mental wellbeing
Role of VICHEALTH
- funding programs
- sponsorship
- encourage healthy lifestyles in the community
- research and evaluation
The FEDERAL GOVERNMENT responsibility for health
- administration of the PBS
- administration of medicare management and funding
- quarantine and protecting Aus boarders
- funding of the healthcare system
- regulation
What is MEDICARE?
a universal healthcare system that provides medical care to patients via their GP or hospital for little to no cost.
- Aus and NZ citizens, anyone over the age of 15 can have their own card
- it is funded by the Federal Government through 3 sources.
How is MEDICARE funded?
- Medicare Levy = additonal 2% tax placed on the taxable income of most tax payers
- Medicare Levy Surcharge = people w/o private health insurance and earn above a certain amount ($90,000 indiv, $180,000 fam) have to pay an extra tax
- General Taxation = 3rd source of revenue as the medicare levy and the medicare surcharge does not meet the full operating costs of Medicare
What is BULK BILLING?
if the doctor charges only the scheduled fee, the patient does not have to pay any out of pocket expenses and is said to be bulk billed.
